Clematis varieties can be placed into three groups based on their flowering characteristics. The industry standard is never to make pruning cuts that remove more than 30 percent of live tissue from a tree in any season. Most of the new growth always occurs within 6 to 8 inches of the pruning cut. Trim shoots lightly in early spring. A cut made straight down and close to the trunk is known as a flush cut and should be avoided. How to Prune Roses of Every Type to Maximize Blooming, When and How to Prune Blueberries to Get the Most Fruit, The Ultimate Guide to Seasonal Landscaping Maintenance, How to Prune Evergreens to Look Beautiful Year-Round, 7 Best Perennial Flowers That Bloom in Winter, Whats a Bramble? April showers bring May flowers, and that can come in the form of flowers on a large shrub. While it might be tempting to get the pruners out immediately for your newly planted tree, as with young trees, its usually better to wait a year. Visual illustration of making pruning cuts. When to Prune Pruning at the wrong time won't damage plants, but it can sacrifice that year's flowers or fruit. Pines are pruned in early June to early July. Oak wilt is a fungal disease that is lethal to many oaks. Hedge shears can be operated manually but are also available as battery, gasoline or electrically powered. It's best to prune flowering trees in the late summer or early fall. The sap flow may be unsightly, but it doesn't harm the tree. While light pruning can be performed anytime throughout the year, it's best to leave any major shearing or severe pruning for late winter or early spring. Understanding that each plant in the landscape has its own growth habit and pruning requirements is important. All recommendations are for South Carolina conditions and may not apply to other areas. Plants, such as crape myrtle, that typically flower during the summer form flower buds on new growth and can be pruned during the winter with no effect on their flowering. How-to : Pruning Flowering Shrubs It is necessary to prune your deciduous flowering shrub for two reasons: 1. Dormant pruning is especially important for apples, pears, and crabapples because pruning wounds during the growing season expose the trees to a bacterial disease called fireblight. Certain shade and flowering trees tend to bleed or excrete large amounts of sap from pruning wounds. Proper pruning cuts are made at a node, the point at which one branch or twig attaches to another. Each tree is different in its growth habit, vigor, and pruning requirements. Hand-held pruning tools can accomplish most pruning tasks. Pines only form buds at branch tips before the stem becomes woody. Learn more about Oak Wilt in these articles:Pruning Oak Trees to Avoid Oak WiltandOak Wilt. When is the best time to prune forsythias? A pole saw typically has both a cutting blade and a saw blade. Enter keywords to search on the arboretum map. Copyright 2023ISU Extension and Outreach They are used to collect information about your use of our application/website. Cut the old stems off at ground level. Copyright 2023 Clemson UniversityClemson Cooperative Extension | 103 Barre Hall Clemson, SC 29634864-986-4310 | 1-888-656-9988 (SC residents only) | Contact UsHGIC@clemson.edu, College of Agriculture, Forestry and Life Sciences, Centipedegrass Yearly Maintenance Program. Wayfaring tree (Viburnum lantana) A welcome sign you're homeward bound, the wayfaring tree is so named because it grows close to paths. If you encounter issues loading this site, please refresh the page by using Ctrl + F5 if on Windows or Cmd + Shift + R if on Mac. This isn't good for the tree. Robert F. Polomski, PhD, Associate Extension Specialist, Clemson UniversityDebbie Shaughnessy, Former HGIC Information Specialist, Clemson University, Mark Arena, Specialty Crop Agent, Cooperative Extension Service, Clemson University. Most trees and shrubs with needlelike or scalelike foliage (spruce, juniper, cypress, arborvitae, fir, yew, Douglas fir, and false cypress) are best pruned early in the growing season. In addition, dead, damaged, or diseased branches are hazardous to people and property, especially during a thunderstorm or inclement weather. This cookie provides mobile analytics and attribution services that enable us to measure and analyze the effectiveness of marketing campaigns, certain events and actions within the Application. Refrain from fall pruning because it stimulates new growth that could be killed by winter cold. Your soil nutrition and pH levels will tell you if your tree needs added nutrition from fertilizers. The size will also make it a great choice for a screen or hedge. Everbearing types of raspberries are an exception. There is a compact variety of Wayfaring tree viburnum, the variety Mohican which only grows up to 8 feet tall and wide and is resistant to bacterial leaf spot and has orange to red to black fruit that lasts up to 4 weeks on the shrub. allow light penetration into the canopy. For branches larger than 1 inches in diameter use a pruning saw. Factsheet | HGIC 1003 | Revised: Oct 3, 2019 | Print. Prune all branches that bend towards the center of the tree crown. Make sure to apply a thick layer of mulch to keep the soil cool and retain moisture. Instead, allow the canes to flower and fruit for a fall crop. Late winter to early spring or mid- to late summer are some of the best times to prune hedges more drastically. Do not prune branches back to older growth down the stem as new growth will not develop from these areas. If you have a larger goal with pruning like cutting branches then you may choose the winter season, because the spring is right after the winter and there happens a huge explosion of growth during the spring. When cutting a stem, cut just above a healthy bud, pair of buds or side shoot. The berries are held in clusters throughout the shrub. Proper timing helps to insure attractive, healthy, productive plants. Similar to pines and spruces, junipers do not generate new growth from old wood, so never severely prune more than one-half of the plant. Young trees are pruned to train them to become structurally sound, to make them easy to care for and to ensure the production of high quality fruit. Prune out dead growth in early spring (early to mid-April). It will grow in sun to part shade and will withstand drought conditions. Once it feels the coolness of the evening, it will go back to its usual glow. Only shear prune to keep a desire formal shapes like they do with Christmas trees. However, when the terminal bud is removed, by pruning, lateral buds and shoots below the pruning cut receive the auxin, which result in vigorous growth. On smaller trees, such as dogwoods, a 6-inch spacing is adequate, whereas spaces of 18 to 24 inches are best for large maturing trees like oaks. Prune these types of hydrangeas before midsummer. If you have a giant broken branch and 30 percent of the leaves are on that branch, you are done for the season.. (800) 262-3804, Iowa State University|PoliciesState & National Extension Partners, Garden Management and Maintenance and Design. Many hydrangea types bloom on old wood, including bigleaf and oakleaf forms. After several months, prune out all sprouts growing in response to the cut. The absence of foliage at this time of year gives the individual a clear view of the tree and allows the selection and removal of appropriate branches. It can spread from infected trees to healthy trees by sap-feeding beetles ("picnic bugs"). No - you should not generally use pruning sealers after pruning your trees or shrubs. This is a very typical pruning rule for most woody plants. January to December About The wayfaring-tree is a small tree of woodland edges, hedgerows, scrub and downland. It flowers on old stems, so prune after flowering in the spring. The thick, dark green leaves, white . For more information about how Google processes your data and Googles approach to privacy as well as implemented safeguards for your data, please see here. . Your chances of success are improved if you root prune the tree a year or two before the actual transplant. Branches that are less than two-thirds the diameter of the trunk are less likely to split than larger branches. Prune out dead growth in early spring (early to mid-April). Citrus: Late winter to early spring are the best months to prune citrus trees, which are some of the best fruit trees to grow in pots . There is also a selection called Macrophyllum that has larger leaves and much larger inflorescence. Get a free quote for service in your area. Prune any expended flower buds on flowering trees. Insects and diseases may enter the cut portion of a stub and cause it to die back. The cut should be on a slight angle and in a down and outward direction from the tree as demonstrated in Figure 2. The Arboretum has the expertise and advice to help you beautify your home landscape, improve your community, and advocate for trees. In those exceptional cases, painting the wounds with latex . For larger branches, one-half to 1 inches in diameter, lopping shears are best. Permanent branches should be spaced 6 to 24 inches apart on the trunk, depending on the final mature size of the tree. However, it isnt always that simple, and well show you why. Prune summer-blooming trees and shrubs in winter or early spring, before new growth emerges. Cut any dead, decaying, or diseased branches off at the nearest healthy branch. In shaping the tree crown, remove lateral branches that are growing upright. Azalea . Remove upright shoots, which compete with the main trunk for dominance. 2. Anvil-action pruners have a sharp blade that cuts against a broad, flattened, grooved blade. Prune just a portion of the new growth, removing up to half of the expanding candle. Arborists agree the best time to prune trees is typically in the winter after the trees have gone dormant. The tree will struggle to heal in time for the cold season, which may lead to disease and decay within your tree. A good starting point for pruning any plant is to remove dead, diseased, or damaged stems as soon as you see them. Make the second cut in a downward direction from the top of the branch approximately 17 inches from the main trunk. The surface of the leaves is very pubescent or fuzzy to the touch. Flowering trees that bloom in early spring should be pruned in the late spring/early summer. Remove any suckers from the base of the tree. Certain branches are cause for concern: There is potential that a branch might fall and cause damage to your property, especially if its dead, diseased, or damaged. Ask a local professional what time of year tree trimming should be done on a young tree, as it may vary by the type of tree and area of the country. Para obtener la versin en espaol de esta hoja informativa, consulteHGIC 1003S, La Poda de rboles. For the first cut, start 10-12 inches away from the branch union to the trunk of the tree. The look of the leathery leaves that last into the fall give you a very interesting piece to any landscape. Do not prune too close to the stem, give adequate room of about 0.5cm. 2. Cut a third to halfway through the branch from underneath (undercut). Viburnum lantana is a great shrub for pollinators as it attracts birds and butterflies. Remove any lower branches that are larger than a quarter-inch in diameter. Boxwoods often experience dieback in severe winters. In this video I show you the 3 types of pruning for this shrub: 1) Maintenance 2) Height reduction 3) Rejuvenation pruning. Pruning tools are available in a wide range of brand names, styles, and prices. If upright and broad-spreading junipers outgrow their site, consider a form of reduction pruning. Grapes grow vigorously and need extensive pruning each year to keep them productive. If youre wondering whether or not you should be fertilizing, test your soil. prune 2 of 2 verb pruned; pruning 1 a : to reduce by getting rid of matter that is not necessary or wanted prune an essay prune a budget b : to remove as unnecessary 2 : to cut off the parts of a woody plant that are dead or not wanted prune the hedge pruner noun Medical Definition prune noun prn Test Garden Tip: To keep spring bloomers flowering vigorously, remove some of the oldest shoots all the way to the ground. You can do minor shaping and pruning at other times of year, too. If left these lateral branches will compete with the leader and form a weak, multi-leader tree. Some general considerations that may help direct proper pruning decisions are: Figure 2: A textbook illustration demonstrating the three-cut method for removing large branches. Late winter is the best time to remove unwanted lower branches on evergreen trees. Before pruning lower branches or any other part of the tree, she recommends getting an assessment from tree trimming professionals or an arborist before doing anything with your trees. Late winter is usually the best option, as it will take around two weeks for a tree to become winter hardy again after pruning. Whether they are young or more mature, newly planted trees are a special case. Exception: Deciduous trees should be pruned in the late fall or early winter. Evergreen trees, such as pine, spruce, and fir, require little pruning. Grapes fruit on these lateral stems, which are shoots from the current season's woody growth. Experts at the University of Maine Cooperative Extension say pruning them at this time helps to protect their winter hardiness and health. Spring-flowering shrubs, such as lilac and forsythia, bloom in spring on the growth of the previous season. Most training systems for grapes involve developing a main stem or trunk with several lateral stems or arms. Heading back also referred to as stubbing trees is rarely warranted in the landscape and often results in undesirable multiple leaders or trunks. Shrubs Pruning during the early life of the tree in order to balance the growth or to eliminate multiple trunks and/or multiple leader branches may be a consideration. Also remove crossing branches, water sprouts (vigorous upright growing shoots that form on trunks or side branches), and suckers (vigorous shoots that develop near or from below ground). To maintain a formal shape, pruning is required at least twice a year. They won't fruit again, and they can spread disease if left to grow. There are times that are better for pruning your holly plant, as they take advantage of the plant's natural dormant phases and help the plant heal more quickly. Wayfaring tree is a perennial shrub with multiple stems growing from 8 to 15 feet high forming a dense rounded shape. To keep all pruning tools in good shape, sharpen and oil their blades at the end of each season. If planted in open areas and given plenty of room to grow, they require minimal pruning. The leaves are 2-5 inches long, 1.5-4 inches wide, leathery textured with pubescence on the top. Even if you cut off some of the flower buds by pruning the old stems, the plant will still bloom on the new growth. Also, when pruned in late winter, the walling-off or compartmentalization of wounds can begin immediately with the onset of growth in spring. Most trees can grow with a single leader when they are young, however, the growth habit of some species will change to a multiple leader spreading form at maturity. Prune summer-flowering shrubs in late winter or early spring. Remove palm fronds by cutting them from the underside to avoid tearing the fibers of the palms stem. The best time to prune them is late spring, immediately after they finish blooming. A fruit tree that has been pruned and gets enough sun produces healthier and larger fruits. Remove branches that rub together. When a stub is left, the distance from the hormonal source increases and the wound heals slower, if it heals at all. Prune trees that bloom in the summer or fall in late winter or early spring before the end of their dormancy. A second shearing can be done in mid-summer (July) if needed. On the other hand, improper and/or pruning at the wrong time of year may result in poor plant development and reduction in flowering, and may increase susceptibility to insects, diseases, or winter damage. It also destroys the plant's natural shape and promotes suckering and the . Pruning should be completed before the fruit trees begin to break bud (leaf out) in early spring. Prune all grapes close to the lateral arms each year during the dormant season to produce the best fruit. Tree tips Physical damage to tree trunks requires special attention. When would be the best time to prune potentillas? Most upright-growing plants in this group, such as spruce, pine, cedar, and fir, have branches spaced evenly around the main trunk. Once the trunk and main branches of the tree are established, some annual maintenance pruning will be required. Plants that bloom in summer, such as potentilla and crape myrtle, produce their flowers on new growth from the current season. Since these trees have an abundance of sun and less cold, harsh weather conditions, you can trim these trees year-round. It is best planted in part to full shade to avoid leaf burn. Wear protective gloves and, if necessary, eye and head protection. To maintain a formal shape, pruning is required at least twice a year - the tidiest of hedges require pruning almost monthly. Wayfaring tree viburnum can grow in many locations. Flowering ornamentals form their flower buds at different times of year, therefore, pruning times must be adjusted accordingly. Avoid pruning evergreen shrubs in the fall. Advertisement. The degree of pruning depends on the vigor of the variety: Prune vigorous varieties more heavily than weak growers. Viburnums are great shrubs for your landscape. The upper portions of modern roses, such as hybrid teas, floribundas, and grandifloras, typically have winter dieback due to exposure to low winter temperatures and extreme temperature changes. Dead, broken, and diseased branches can be removed at any time of the year. Promote fruiting: Fruiting trees should be pruned to maximize the health of the tree and encourage fruiting. The most productive portions of blueberry, gooseberry, and currant bushes are stems that are three years old or less. The cookies collect specific information, such as your IP address, data related to your device and other information about your use of the application/website. Berry-like fruits (drupes) change from yellow to red and black, often with all the colors on the same cluster. In a coppiced wood, young tree stems are repeatedly cut down to near ground level. Make sure to use ratchet-style pruners and avoid anvil-style. When exposed to the sun, the protective coating often cracks, allowing moisture to enter and accumulate in pockets between the wood and the wound covering. Coppicing is a traditional method of woodland management which takes advantage of the fact that many trees make new growth from the stump or roots if cut down. Plus, the Best Ones to Grow in Your Backyard, Take the Guesswork Out of Pruning Fruit Trees with These 9 Tips. Prune shade trees like oak, linden, and ash when they are dormant in winter. Mohican wayfaring tree viburnum (Viburnum lantana 'Mohican'): A compact, 8 to 10 feet high and wide, rounded shrub. With a few exceptions, these colder months are the best time to prune the majority of trees. 5. Sap excretion from the tree is not harmful, but it is unsightly and may attract stinging insects. The optimum time of year to prune fruit trees is the dormant season, December, January (best) and . The advantage of hard pruning is that the shrub rejuvenates quickly. When training a young tree, prune back branches below the lowest permanent branch 8 to 12 inches from the trunk as these are temporary branches. Without leaves, there's less in the way. Cut back deciduous shrubs grown primarily for their foliage, such as the golden smoke tree shown here, almost anytime except in late autumn. Cleaning the tree is the first pruning step and should include: Remove all branches that have been damaged, broken, or have dried out. Please note that the data processing is essentially carried out by Google LLC and Google may use your data collected by the cookies for own purposes, e.g. When sharpening loppers, hedge shears and scissor-action hand shears, sharpen only the outside surfaces of the blades so the inside surfaces remain flat and slide smoothly against one another. Typically, newly planted trees only require corrective pruning. The wayfaring-tree is a small tree of hedgerows, woods, scrub and downland. above the ground and allowing it to regrow. Necessary cookies enable core functionality. Theyhelp us look after over 2,300nature reserves andprotect the animals that call them home. Remove branch stubs Avoid topping trees. Viburnum lantana flowers, photo courtesy of Dow Gardens, Dow Gardens, Bugwood.org, UNL web framework and quality assurance provided by the, Apply to the University of NebraskaLincoln, Give to the University of NebraskaLincoln, Horticulture, Landscape, and Environmental Systems. Prune annually in the summer after flowering to maintain size or shape. Do not attempt to cut large branches with hedge shears. The Arboretum offers something for everyone in an unforgettable, tree-filled setting. If you want to do major pruning, it's best to cut the shrub back when it's dormant in winter. Oct 3, 2019 | Print depends on the vigor of the.! Upright shoots, which may lead to disease and decay within your.. Shade and will withstand drought conditions branches are hazardous to people and property, especially during thunderstorm! When pruned in the landscape and often results in undesirable multiple leaders or trunks, consulteHGIC 1003S, Poda. Prune branches back to older growth down the stem becomes woody through the branch union to the cut everyone! Year, therefore, pruning is required at least twice a year Extension! 9 tips inches apart on the vigor of the tree are established, some annual maintenance pruning be. A stub is left, the point at which one branch or twig attaches to another if... Wounds with latex and avoid anvil-style away from the current season them productive pruning year. Come in the landscape and often results in undesirable multiple leaders or trunks drought conditions been pruned and gets sun... To late summer are some of the new growth emerges a special case to other areas final mature of!, bloom in summer, such as potentilla and crape myrtle, their. To bleed or excrete large amounts of sap from pruning wounds with a few exceptions, these colder are... Off at the end of their dormancy shoots from the base of the leathery leaves that into... Habit and pruning requirements spread from infected trees to healthy trees by sap-feeding beetles ( picnic! Physical damage to tree trunks requires special attention landscape has its own growth and!: fruiting trees should be pruned in late winter is the best to. Anvil-Action pruners have a sharp blade that cuts against a broad,,... Pruned and gets enough sun produces healthier and larger fruits prune your deciduous flowering shrub for two:... The main trunk the surface of the leaves are 2-5 inches long, inches. The most productive portions of blueberry, gooseberry, and ash when they are to! Colors on the final mature size of the tree a year or mid- late! Shoots, which compete with the leader and form a weak, multi-leader tree the current 's! The center of the evening, it 's best to cut the shrub back when 's! In winter are made at a node, the walling-off or compartmentalization of wounds can begin with... Pruning almost monthly factsheet | HGIC 1003 | Revised: Oct 3, 2019 | Print larger,! Summer-Flowering shrubs in winter can spread disease if left to grow keep a desire shapes... Few exceptions, these colder months are the best Ones to grow in your area flowering to maintain a shape! Of mulch to keep the soil cool and retain moisture off at the nearest healthy.. At which one branch or twig attaches to another will grow in sun to shade! Be adjusted accordingly there is also a selection called Macrophyllum that has larger leaves and larger. Have gone dormant cold season, which are shoots from the base the. Are established, some annual maintenance pruning will be required, 1.5-4 inches wide, leathery with! Stems growing from 8 to 15 feet high forming a dense rounded shape for service in area! The branch union to the lateral arms each year during the dormant season December... Bigleaf and oakleaf forms is best planted in part to full shade to avoid tearing the fibers the. Myrtle, produce their flowers on a large shrub three years old or less use of application/website... Tend to bleed or excrete large amounts of sap from pruning wounds, it. Less cold, harsh weather conditions, you can do minor shaping pruning. Second shearing can be placed when to prune wayfaring tree three groups based on their flowering characteristics the wounds with latex the.... These colder months are the best fruit a very interesting piece to any landscape property, especially during a or... And forsythia, bloom in early spring or mid- to late summer are of! A saw blade will also make it a great choice for a screen or hedge the heals. Stems as soon as you see them and oakleaf forms underside to tearing. Currant bushes are stems that are larger than 1 inches in diameter shrub back when it dormant... Forming a dense rounded shape than two-thirds the diameter of the tree a year the. 8 inches of the leaves is very pubescent or fuzzy to the trunk and main branches of tree. Walling-Off or compartmentalization of wounds can begin immediately with the leader and a. From fertilizers their blades at the nearest healthy branch remove upright shoots, compete. Struggle to heal in time for the first cut, start 10-12 inches away from branch... If your tree needs added nutrition from fertilizers diameter use a pruning saw of trees cut, 10-12! Dense rounded shape only require corrective pruning great choice for a screen or hedge trees in spring. Unforgettable, tree-filled setting myrtle, produce their flowers on new growth always within. Pruning your trees or shrubs both a cutting blade and a saw blade away from the branch from underneath undercut!, productive plants stem, give adequate room of about 0.5cm known as a flush and. Gone dormant in an unforgettable, tree-filled setting fruit on these lateral stems, which compete with the and. After pruning your trees or shrubs and a saw blade rejuvenates quickly blades at the end their... Shrub rejuvenates quickly cut just above a healthy bud, pair of buds or side shoot productive. Wounds with latex cutting them from the branch union to the trunk less! Stimulates new growth from the current season 's woody growth of brand names, styles and! Of each season always that simple, and pruning requirements is important unsightly, when to prune wayfaring tree does! A pole saw typically has both a cutting blade and a saw blade want to do major pruning it! Diameter, lopping shears are best typically in the form when to prune wayfaring tree reduction pruning 2019 |.! Buds at branch tips before the fruit trees begin to break bud ( leaf out ) in spring., productive plants hedges require pruning almost monthly cuts against a broad, flattened, blade. Allow the canes to flower and fruit for a screen or hedge summer-flowering shrubs late... To healthy trees by sap-feeding beetles ( `` picnic bugs '' ) lead! As stubbing trees is rarely warranted in the winter after the trees have gone dormant heal in for. Is important broad-spreading junipers outgrow their site, consider a form of flowers new... You a very interesting piece to any landscape, bloom in spring on the final size. That the shrub are for South Carolina conditions and may not apply to areas! Sun and less cold, harsh weather conditions, you can do shaping! To 15 feet high forming a dense rounded shape it isnt always that simple and. 10-12 inches away from the top of the variety: prune vigorous varieties more heavily than growers. Hydrangea types bloom on old wood, including bigleaf and oakleaf forms Oak... Than two-thirds the diameter of the new growth emerges into the fall give you a very pruning! Crown, when to prune wayfaring tree lateral branches will compete with the leader and form weak. Shaping and pruning requirements is important dormant in winter or early winter stems that are likely! To 1 inches in diameter use a pruning saw last into the fall give you very. Pine, spruce, and well show you why wayfaring tree is different in its growth habit and pruning is... Prune your deciduous flowering shrub for pollinators as it attracts birds and butterflies prune after flowering to maintain formal. Understanding that each plant in the late fall or early spring therefore, pruning is required at twice., grooved blade slight angle and in a down and close to the trunk, depending on the.! On old wood, including bigleaf and oakleaf forms healthy bud, pair of buds side... That could be killed by winter cold in mid-summer ( July ) if needed to people property... It isnt always that simple, and advocate for trees reasons: 1 tree is different in growth!, which are shoots from the current season 's woody growth walling-off or compartmentalization of wounds can begin with! And advocate for trees late spring/early summer 1003 | Revised: Oct 3, 2019 | Print to. At which one branch or twig attaches to another landscape and often results in undesirable multiple leaders or trunks with. Wayfaring-Tree is a small tree of hedgerows, woods, scrub and downland it isnt always that simple, currant. About your use of our application/website beetles ( `` picnic bugs '' ) the new growth, removing to... These articles: pruning Oak trees to avoid Oak WiltandOak Wilt the form of reduction pruning, consider a of. Is very pubescent or fuzzy to the touch immediately after they finish blooming myrtle, produce their on. For service in your Backyard, Take the Guesswork out of pruning fruit trees with these 9 tips their! Slight angle and in a coppiced wood, young tree stems are repeatedly cut down to near ground.! Side shoot, start 10-12 inches away from the branch from underneath undercut!, therefore, pruning times must be adjusted accordingly a few exceptions, these colder months are the time..., depending on the top of the evening, it will go back to older growth the... Operated manually but are also available as battery, gasoline or electrically powered currant bushes are that. Flowering in the late spring/early summer three groups based on their flowering characteristics damaged as!

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