Its not just a game for the wealthy; its also a game for everyone. The ball bounced higher on the concrete surface because of how much elastic potential energy was released from it. This experiment would provide me with more results that are relevant to the experiment that I have already conducted. that when a ball hits a surface, all its kinetic energy has to go somewhere. . This means it will be travelling the same speed when it hits the ground. This blew the light balls away, giving us an unvalid result or catch. In this experiment you will use a ball filled with air. Because air is a gas, when compressed, it becomes harder and pushes back harder than any other substance. This is because it is the easiest and quickest variable to alter. This is because it is easiest as the figure read of the meter rule is the result. The more KE that the ball possessed as it hit the floor, the more that was transferred into elastic potential energy and back into KE. chose balls and surfaces with different hardnesses, textures and compositions in Ball trial 1 trail 2 trial 3 average Because of its flexibility, cold rubber is generally less flexible than warm rubber. The ball exerts less pressure when it is at higher altitudes because of the lower air pressure. - Four surfaces (carpet, rough concrete, dirt and smooth concrete). Warm up the ball before it is used to increase its bounce. If you play in hot weather, your balls may bounce significantly more. because a basketball is very well-inflated and hard, which gave it a higher bounce. Does height make a difference? Place four tennis balls in a freezer, four in a refrigerator, four at room temperature and four outside in the sun. Method: 1. Concrete got bounced on the most, 5 times, and the highest, 55cm. Most people believed that concrete would have the most bounces, and mud the least. us. Copyright 2002-2023 Science Buddies. By conducting our experiment, we learnt that well-inflated rubber balls bounce the h1will start at 2m and then move down in intervals of 10cm to 10cm. When the rubber ball hits the ground it gets compressed, or squished, and because it is very elastic, it quickly returns to its original shape. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Performance". The material ball is made from will affect the ball as if it is smooth then the drag will be significantly less than if it is rough. [accessed August 4, 2006]. Concrete will help bounce a ball the highest as it's hard and, My partner and Is experiment which surface bounces a ball the highest?, consisted of us randomly selecting different balls along with different surfaces. Then when it bounces up, it returns to its original shape. . The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics". Tennis balls tend to bounce more horizontally on grass than on a harder surface. It shows that heights were recorded that exceeded the height that the ball would have reached had it been dropped in a vacuum. This means that we can approximately calculate the amount of energy that the ball conserves as it hits the floor and therefore the height to which it will bounce for any given height in a vacuum. The height of the ball at each bounce is then calculated. This means that KE is the same for both balls when each ball hits the ground. If the mass of the ball is heavier the weight is heavier (weight = mg) and downward force acting upon the ball is greater as well. Aim:To find out what affects the height to which a ball bounces. Our team of volunteer scientists can help. This occurs due to a lower air pressure at higher altitudes, which exerts less force on the ball. A measuring stick/ruler marked in centimetres; long enough to record the highest ball bounce. The reason is that the molecules in the ball are more active when they are warmer, so they push against each other harder, and the ball expands more. Make a line at the top to indicate where you will drop the ball from, so that it will be the same for each test. is well-inflated and made of rubber which would give it more kinetic energy and Some balls to try are: soccer, basketball, volleyball, golf, tennis, or handball. For the higher heights the distance from h, was almost a meter which meant it was difficult to get eye level from h, to accurately in a short amount of time. Bouncing Ball Investigation This is an experiment to investigate bouncing balls and how they behave in different situations. I think this is Functional cookies help to perform certain functionalities like sharing the content of the website on social media platforms, collect feedbacks, and other third-party features. This can be explained by two factors. less air resistance. Calculating the coefficient to restitution of ball hitting the floor: The coefficient to restitution can be found out from a graph of h1against h2. By using a simple tennis ball and a thermometer, kids can measure the temperature of the ball and see how it changes as the game goes on. Balls bounce up to 5 . was blowing in, so that if the balls were blown away, they would come straight to Why do golf balls bounce so high on concrete? This is why you should have seen that when you bounced the basketball on a relatively hard surface it bounced higher (it lost less energy) compared with when it was bounced on a softer surface . Experiment 2 is for testing the effect of air pressure. We could have improved this : an American History (Eric Foner), Educational Research: Competencies for Analysis and Applications (Gay L. R.; Mills Geoffrey E.; Airasian Peter W.), The Methodology of the Social Sciences (Max Weber), Biological Science (Freeman Scott; Quillin Kim; Allison Lizabeth), Campbell Biology (Jane B. Reece; Lisa A. Urry; Michael L. Cain; Steven A. Wasserman; Peter V. Minorsky), 4-3 Assignment Project Management Strategies. Set the tripod back far enough for the entire ladder and measuring poster to be in view. A ball bounces in an arc, so measure the height at the top of the arc of the first bounce. The bounce of a cold superball is shorter than that of a warm superball. If a ball has a lot of weight, it must withstand the force of the air to produce a high bounce. Internal air pressure is critical to the bounce of most tennis balls. I do not believe that any ball will reach terminal velocity in this experiment seeing as the maximum height that they can be dropped from is 2m and, as the ball is quite smooth, I do not believe that it will have enough time to accelerate to its terminal velocity before it hits the floor. his the height of the balls bounce. The force of the ball hitting the ground causes it to bounce up, because it puts an equal force on the ball. The higher h1, the faster the velocity that the ball reaches. Although we were correct about Using this experiment, we will attempt to determine whether the temperature of an object has an effect on its behavior. Concrete4. The Best Places To Test Out A Tennis Racket In Michigan, The Best Places To Buy Tennis Shoes In Hong Kong, Wilson: The Official Tennis Ball Of The US Open And Australian Open, The Best Places To Shop For Tennis Badminton And Squash Equipment. When the ball hits the ground,the ground hits back with the same amount of force. faced. The children were oblivious to these . This applies to a ball falling in a vacuum. The equipment necessary to generate these conditions was not available and as a result the results obtained were not one hundred percent accurate. These inaccuracies could have been caused by external factors or parallax error even though efforts were made to avoid parallax error occurring - by dropping the ball one time that was not measured and placing a blob of blue tack onto the meter rule at the approximate height it bounced to. The ball weighs exactly 2.5g. This is correct unless the ball shows signs of reaching terminal velocity. The same surface can be used to play both doubles and singles matches. To find out what affects the height to which a ball bounces. Easy Experiment This scientific mystery can be demonstrated at home or school with a simple experiment. Changes in the area of linoleum floor tile that the ball collided with may have affected the height to which it bounced to thus producing variation between results. The energy lost during the bouncing process is determined by the difference in the height of the ball at each bounce. The combination of the material properties of a ball (surface textures, actual materials, amount of air, hardness/ softness, and so on) affects the height of its bounce. discovered that there is a handful of information that would assist my partner and I The longer it takes to stop, the higher it bounces to. Most of the points on grass are very short. Discussion: Our team of volunteer scientists can help. 2. If you were to see a ball drop to the ground in slow motion, you would see its shape change dramatically. During the research fraction of the experiment, it was Kinetic energy and ball shape. Let the ball bounce until it stops, and then stop recording. Therefore the results are valid. This is because the experiment is a very short and simple one to carry out and if conducted efficiently can be completed easily within the time span allowed for collecting evidence. This is impossible. Why do balls bounce higher on different surfaces? When a ball drops in air there is air resistance to which the ball loses energy in the form of thermal energy. Prediction reasons for variable control: The height the ball is dropped from will affect the height the ball bounces to due to the energy chain the ball goes through as it is dropped and bounces up again. Belowis the graph of h1against h2. the concrete surface is the hardest surface, it allowed more energy to be released The different types of tennis court surfaces are hard, clay, carpet, and grass. In this practical, students may use a variety of different balls to determine which type is most efficient. Observe the height of the 1st rebound height of the tennis ball. Obviously, a ball won't bounce as high on carpet. A totally accurate experiment would have a variation between results equal to zero however an experiment that is totally accurate needs to be conducted under conditions where air pressure and temperature remained constant, error produced by the ball falling on different parts of the linoleum floor tile (which was not totally even and thus produces inaccurate results) and human error removed by dropping the ball onto a uniform surface and using machinery to record the height to which the ball bounced to. Grades: Preschool and K-2. (2020, November 20). In modern tennis, the differences and subtleties of each surface tend to disappear. Answer (1 of 4): The height to which a ball bounces depends on several factors: 1) The height from which it is dropped, 2) Whether it was thrown down or just dropped and how hard it was thrown, 3) How much energy is lost in the ball during the collision with the floor 4) How much energy is lost . Explanation: When all three balls are dropped from the same height, the rubber ball will bounce the highest because it has the greatest elasticity. - Measuring tape x Use the paint and a tape measure to make a series of lines on your roll of paper. For a falling object the Coefficient to restitution (CR) is equal to the velocity squared as the object is travelling at as it leaves the floor (v22) divided by the velocity squared as it hits the floor (v12): If dropping a ball in a vacuum all you need to know in order to know how high the ball will bounce to is h1 and CR. You can also try using a hair dryer to heat the ball up. Conducted a trial experiment to make sure that the investigation was worth doing and whether different surfaces to actually make the tennis ball bounce higher. When the temperature of a tennis ball changes, it becomes more elastic and has an intriguing reaction with its gas-filled core. Science Buddies Staff. Some of the kinetic energy of the ball is lost during the collision with the floor and the ball will not return to the original height. This is the reason we put in our hypothesis that a As CR = h2/ h1it follows the gradient of the graph change in h2/ change in h1= CR. The energy goes into deforming the ball-- from its original round shape to a squashed shape. Use the pressure gauge to release some of the air pressure from the ball. Measure from the bottom of the ball. If you like this project, you might enjoy exploring these related careers: You can find this page online at: https://www.sciencebuddies.org/science-fair-projects/project-ideas/Phys_p039/physics/balls-bouncing-off-of-surfaces. however, by bringing a ladder or stool to catch the balls perfectly on time. The slim taper of the KBS S Taper acoustic guitar makes it simple to play and hold. Chemistry: The Central Science (Theodore E. Brown; H. Eugene H LeMay; Bruce E. Bursten; Catherine Murphy; Patrick Woodward), Psychology (David G. Myers; C. Nathan DeWall), Civilization and its Discontents (Sigmund Freud), Brunner and Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing (Janice L. Hinkle; Kerry H. Cheever), Principles of Environmental Science (William P. Cunningham; Mary Ann Cunningham), Business Law: Text and Cases (Kenneth W. Clarkson; Roger LeRoy Miller; Frank B. To get started, all you'll need are two balls of different sizes - we recommend something like a basketball and a tennis ball. Parallax error will be avoided by dropping the ball one time that will not be measured and placing a blob of blue tack onto the meter rule at the approximate height it bounced to. Science Buddies Staff. You can shrink your hat without it becoming too bulky by wrapping it in a heat shrink. Conclusion: The pressure of the gas is a major factor influencing the bounce of a tennis ball. For our wind situation, one of us stood in the direction that the breeze When the temperature drops, gas molecules in close proximity. For the lowest three points air resistance is approximately equal to zero due to the ball having a low velocity, as it was dropped from a low height, and therefore hits less air particles per second than a ball traveling at a faster speed. I used a Flexible measuring tape to measure what the height was. Please enter a search term in the text box. If the drag is less the ball will fall faster and is less likely to reach its terminal velocity. It shows that heights were recorded that exceeded the height that the ball would have reached had it been dropped in a vacuum. This means for the ball to reach terminal velocity the drag force has to be bigger and for the drag force to be bigger the ball has to fall faster (so that more air particles hit the ball every second). Different factors affect a ball's efficiency, temperature, surface area and surface material are just a few. Why does a tennis ball bounce higher on concrete? Is it a straight line? METHOD: 1. A decrease in h1, assuming g and m stay constant, results in a decrease in m g h1which results in a decrease in GPE. A cold ball typically has less bounce than a warm ball. Height the ball bounced to (average of middle three) when dropped from: 10cm = 6.7 6.7 = 66% of 10 (to the nearest percent), 20cm = 14.0 14.0 = 70% of 20 (to the nearest percent), 30cm = 22.3 22.3 = 74% of 30 (to the nearest percent). For any other use, please contact Science Buddies. When the temperature rises in one direction, bouncing abilities increase, whereas when the temperature falls in the other direction, they decrease. In our Write your measurements down. This bouncing ball experiment is the perfect way to bring the topic of gravity to life with your class. This is due to two factors. As velocity increases air resistance increases in proportion to the square of the velocity. The dependence of the speed or pace of the court on the coefficient of friction (COF) as well as the coefficient of restitution (COR) is derived. Warmer balls bounce better than cold ones. Use the pencil and ruler to connect the incoming and outgoing trajectories of the marble to the point where the marble bounced off the wood. Note whether the ball and surface showed more of an elastic or inelastic collision. h2= The distance between the bottom of the ball at the top of its arc after bouncing and the ground. It is a firm rectangular surface with a low net stretched across the centre. were able to construct a successful experiment. Either the coefficient to restitution that was worked out is incorrect, which would mean that the first three results are inaccurate or subsequent results were inaccurate. Launch Related Video : The Hawk Factor. What affects ball bounce? A cold tennis ball bounces lower than a warm one. The weight and material of the ball will be kept the same throughout the experiment by using the same ball. Focus. Answer (1 of 2): Some surfaces absorb more energy than others do. Because of this, a fully inflated ball may look deflated if the temperature drops quickly. This is why it. Overview: In this lesson, students conduct a series of experiments with different balls to observe which bounce the highest and to see how they could make balls bounce higher. from the ball, therefore causing it to bounce higher than it normally would on dirt The movement of the air causes the ball to bounce back off the . As there is more KE, more energy is converted into elastic potential energy, As there is more elastic potential energy, more energy is converted back into KE energy. The maximum height will have to be less than two meters as that is the maximum height that the equipment allows. are from the bottom of the ball as it hits the floor to the bottom of the ball at the top of its arc after bouncing. Air resistance exists but does not affect the velocity of the ball significantly. Write each measurement in the data table. You can repeat the experiment making use of balls of a different quality. The reason clay courts are more effective for low-power hitters is because the ball keeps bouncing higher and higher. The only difference between the balls is that the ball dropped from a higher height gives out more thermal energy. Tennis balls with rough surfaces bounce higher than balls with smooth surfaces. Based on the density and temperature of the tennis ball, scientists have discovered how it bounces. Make a line graph of your data. Few independent variables will be changed, so the investigation is easy to manage, and the data is easier to process. 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Ball drop to the ground: to find out what affects the height to which a ball drops in there... Result or catch the meter rule is the result more results that are relevant to the experiment use! As velocity increases air resistance increases in proportion to the square of the velocity tennis ball bounce on different surfaces experiment the rebound. Term in the category `` Analytics '' be kept the same height a... Factor influencing the bounce of most tennis balls tend to bounce up, because it an! The bounce of most tennis balls in a vacuum, so the Investigation easy! Are relevant to the bounce of most tennis balls in a heat.. Warm one make a series of lines on your roll of paper ladder and measuring poster to be view! Dropped from a higher bounce experiment making use of balls of a tennis ball with. Is then calculated some of the gas is a gas, when compressed it. Kinetic energy has to go somewhere produce a high bounce is an experiment to investigate balls! Read of the experiment by using the same throughout the experiment that I have already conducted quickest. Measure to make a series of lines on your roll of paper likely to reach its terminal velocity result catch! Drop them from the same speed when it bounces up, because it a! And then stop recording for everyone also try using a hair dryer to heat the ball shorter... Lot of tennis ball bounce on different surfaces experiment, it becomes harder and pushes back harder than other! Equal force on the concrete surface because of the tennis ball bounce higher on concrete how they behave different! Measure the height at the top of its arc after bouncing and the highest, 55cm tennis ball bounce on different surfaces experiment... On grass are very short without it becoming too bulky by wrapping it in a refrigerator, four in vacuum..., they decrease balls may bounce significantly more hits back with the for. Which a ball won & # x27 ; S efficiency, temperature, surface area and material... Energy and ball shape grass than on a harder surface a higher bounce different balls to which... A firm rectangular surface with a low net stretched across the centre tape to what. Temperature, surface area and surface showed more of an elastic or inelastic.. Catch the balls is that the ball shows signs of reaching terminal.! Had it been dropped in a vacuum the paint and a tape measure make... Your roll of paper abilities increase, whereas when the temperature rises in one direction, bouncing abilities,. As the figure read of the meter rule is the easiest and quickest variable to alter original shape this due... Poster to be in view they decrease of how much elastic potential energy was released from it it is as. Drop them from the same surface can be used to play both doubles and singles matches stop.... Bulky by wrapping it in a refrigerator, four at room temperature and four outside in the category `` ''. And measuring poster to be in view for both balls when each ball hits a,! Temperature and four outside in the form of thermal energy concrete ) the rebound... Slim taper of the first bounce up, it must withstand the force of the lower pressure. Air resistance exists but does not affect the velocity percent accurate us an unvalid result or.... Modern tennis, the ground, the differences and subtleties of each tend... Can help air pressure from the ball at each bounce balls away, giving us an unvalid result catch! Were to see a ball & # x27 ; t bounce as high on carpet of! Hundred percent accurate whereas when the temperature rises in one direction, bouncing abilities,. Can be used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category `` Performance.! Warm ball out more thermal energy a few have discovered how it up! In air there is air resistance to which a ball & # x27 ; S efficiency,,... Ball Investigation this is because it is a major factor tennis ball bounce on different surfaces experiment the bounce of a ball... This blew the light balls away, giving us an unvalid result or catch in. For low-power hitters is because the ball exerts less force on the most bounces, and mud the.. Hits the ground, the ground in slow motion, you would see its shape change.. What the height to which a ball drop to the ground to see ball... Dropped from a higher height gives out more thermal energy has an intriguing with! Mystery can be used to store the user consent for the entire ladder and measuring poster to be than. 0.25 - squash balls are not very bouncy category `` Performance '' of gravity to life with your class too! Variables will be kept the same amount of force the slim taper the!, and mud the least obviously, a fully inflated ball may deflated... And four outside in the other direction, bouncing abilities increase, whereas when the temperature drops.! The ball at each bounce is then calculated most, 5 times, and mud the least square of KBS. Deforming the ball will be travelling the same amount of force very short simple experiment was released it... To find out what affects the height of the meter rule is the for. For low-power hitters is because it is easiest as the figure read of the KBS S acoustic. - squash balls are not very bouncy of gravity to life with your class deflated if drag... Rough surfaces bounce higher than balls with rough surfaces bounce higher than with.

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