. Schotte, Jan P., ed. I conduct summoning rituals for clients - https://occultist.net/product/ritual-for-hire/, To learn more about practical magick, get my latest book "The Psy-Mage Compendium" on Amazon: https://amzn.to/3ouvops, The sign of Aries, the first sign of Fire in the zodiac series, evokes the beginning of spring, the struggle of life and natural forces in action. For the Shona of Zimbabwe, the ritual is called Kurova Guva and is performed by every member of the family, who must explicitly through ritual offerings and libations indicate willingness to welcome the deceased as a continuing member of the family despite physical death. Each Orisha is an aspect of one supreme god. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Santeria, Ancient Origins - A Unique Mixture of Afro-Cuban Religious Rituals or Witchcraft? what would prevent people from doing whatever they feel like doing? Illness, they say, is a call from the Orisha, a crisis to a waken one to one's destiny as a servant of the Orisha. Santeria rituals allow human beings to stay in contact with the Orishas - these rituals include dancing, drumming, speaking and eating with the spirits. Thus, as another song reminds the listener, the issue that one should worry about is not death itself, since death is inevitable. Simultaneously, however, while many seem to have embraced these Christianized notions of the afterlife, there is evidence, even among Christianized Africans, of a marked resistance to the seeming demonization of African beliefs, particularly beliefs in ancestors. There is one thing they all have in common: the desire for fast or immediate results through magical means, rather than having to practice for weeks, months or even years before receiving the results through their own practice. Elements of Santera and its African roots permeate Cuban culture, including by Santeria, as explained to me, is supposed to be a nature-based religion. This is reminiscent of rituals of communion with the deceased through shared meals and libations. Priesthood is not a full-time paid job, and is often combined with ordinary work. there isnt a good heaven or bad heaven, we die and reflect on the choices we make and try to get it right the next time around. The contact between African religion and Catholicism in Cuba yielded a synthesis known as Santeria there was a strong symbiosis between the Catholic sacramental system and that of traditional African religion. Margarite Fernandez Olmos and Lizabeth Paravisini-Gebert), 1997, The understanding of death and dying as seen by different religions. Affirmations are words or phrases that are repeated to affirm a single thought. And although most people are appalled by the animal sacrifices offered during ceremonies, the most important thing is respecting other peoples religious beliefs and faiths. New York, 1965. Santeria fought its way up, and even after the Constitution in Cuba proclaimed freedom of religion, the religion continued to face much opposition. Through the bodies of their mediums the orishas are believed to interact with the congregation directly and heal and prophesy for those who approach them. There are many reasons why they are drawn to Santeria. Is Santeria a sin? The religion is also known as La Regla Lucumi and the Rule of Osha. There is no centralized leader within Voodoo. These actions inspire Iwa to possess one of their members with a spirit. Indeed, within Hinduism, one goal of religious activity is to facilitate the ultimate separation or liberation (moksha ) of the soul (tman ) breaking out of once and for all the unending and tragic cycle of reimbodiment (sasra ). 24ff). Many testify that it was their experience of a life-threatening illness which first prompted their devotion to an Orisha. But we do believe people have to account for themselves and what they did on earth while they were here. They also adopted some features from Catholicism. Some estimates go as high as a hundred million Santeria believers worldwide. Santeria means the way of saints, whereas the term voodoo meaning moral fiber has its origin in African-Haitian religious, traditional practices. Born in Cuba, he grew up in a home where both of his parents were santeros, or priests of Santeria. By at least one survey now a decade old, there were about 22,000 register active Santeria practitioners in the United States. I've never heard the good go to heaven and the bad go to hell though. We don't have the concept of "sin" and "hell," which are Christian concepts. For this reason, too, death is also vigorously, collectively, and publicly mourned. Santera: An African Religion in America. The songs also indicate that Christianized Africans have embraced Christian eschatological ideas of heaven and hell and even a postmortem judgment. With Astrid Steel, Nellie Gonzalez, Nito Perez Jr., Genaro T. Perez. Santeria evolved when African slaves were stolen from their homelands during the Colonial period and forced to work in Caribbean sugar plantations. The Gikuyu call such persons muimwo ni iri (rejected by the people). Spiritual guides working to pay off karmic debt for elevation. Two thousand years later, these Egyptian ideas of the hereafter were part of the repertoire of beliefs in circulation in the Mediterranean world as Christianity was taking shape. The working document highlights the need for "inculturation" of Christianity, taking into consideration positive aspects of African religions including notions of death, ancestors, and the hereafter. Learn more about Scientology's beliefs in spiritual salvation and people as immortal spiritual beings. In Santera, this concept idea has syncretised with Roman Catholic beliefs about guardian angels and Spiritist notions of the protecciones or protector spirits. Mosha, Sambuli. Merced was pleased with the ruling, and said, "Now Santeros can practice their religion at home without being afraid of being fined, arrested or taken to court.". In the early 18th century, practitioners combined their masters pantheon of Catholic saints with their own spirits, the Orisha. So the similarities between Santeria and Voodoo get many people thinking that theyre the same. Gundani and Ongonga also discuss, respectively, the rituals of Kurova Guva and Duogo, which are rituals of reintegrating the deceased and confirming their status as ancestors or the living dead. 2021 google commercial; where did charles ingalls move to after walnut grove Thus, petitionary prayer is often said through them. African Religions: The Moral Traditions of Abundant Life. Moreover, for the most part assuming a radical difference between themselves and their worldviews and the Africans and their worldviews, and convinced of the need to convert Africans from their allegedly "primitive" and therefore "inadequate" or even "wrong" beliefs, missionaries deliberately tried to erase African beliefs and practices and to replace these with ostensibly Christian ones. Cynics say that this is because Santeria brings considerable hard currency to the island. Satan is not recognized, and he is not worshipped in Voodoo and Santeria contrary to the mythical depiction of Santeria and Voodoo as satanic cults for the black people. Updates? The prehistory of religion involves the study of religious beliefs that existed prior to the advent of written records. Wigington, Patti. More clues regarding African notions of afterlife can be gleaned from an examination of African concepts of the person. In fact the cross is rite there too and the sun when your at your Zenith. A study of indigenous education system of the Chagga from Tanzania. While Christianity emphasizes beliefs and preparation for eternal life, he says, Santeria focuses almost entirely on rituals and life in the here-and-now. Santera, or La Regla Lucum (or Lukum) as it is more properly known, is one of the African Diaspora; religions spread around the world with the scattering of the enslaved African people brought to the new world. Santera is a religion with Afro-Cuban roots, rising out of the cultural clash between the Yoruba people of West Africa and the . A redefinition of the human person also seems to be indicated in the Christian discourse. My Faith as An African. The Roman Catholic element in Santeria is most obvious in the way Orishas are associated with Catholic Saints such as: Followers of Santeria are often (nominal) Roman Catholics as well. Like many religions, Santeria also offers community. They are also used for healing. Yet it is packed with high-powered rituals that are seeing the light of day for the first time in this century. Ela, Jean Marc. Devotion to the orishas takes four principal forms: divination, sacrifice, spirit mediumship, and initiation. I mean, regarding the afterlife - so much "appear before God (Olofi Olodumare, etc) and get judged and sent to "good" heaven or "bad" heaven" stuff everyone keeps talking about. 1040 Words. Mortuary rituals also reveal that Africans consider death a paradox. The difference between religion and spirituality is that religion has a rigid set of tenets while spirituality encourages the spiritual elevation and development of the person. AFRICAN RELIGIONS It doesn't appear in any feeds, and anyone with a direct link to it will see a message like this one. To become a Santero, one must pass a series of tests and requirements prior to initiation. The Spanish words for these priests are santero or santera. The slaves took each African god (Orisha) and renamed them after the . Yes - the "did you leave the Earth a better place" thing? Santeria combines influences of Caribbean tradition, West Africa's Yoruba spirituality, and elements of Catholicism. There are also deities known as Oricha or Orisha, who are perceived as the facets of Olodumare by some practitioners. The religion focuses on building relationships between human beings and powerful, but mortal, spirits, called Orishas. The word santeria itself means veneration of the saints. I think the first incorrect assumption is assuming Orisha ever followed nature based religious paradigms in regards to the afterlife. The roots go back to Africa, where the Yoruba tribes practiced the Lucumi religion. The basis of Santer a is the development of a deep personal relationship with the orishas, a relationship that will bring the santero worldly success and heavenly wisdom. Originating in West Africa among the Yoruba . Syncretism is the combining of different, often seemingly . Priests have special powers because they have been 'entered' by an Orisha. I think you are too hung up on the "judgment" part. Orishas are also nourished by other forms of worship and praise. Being an Afro-Cuban religion, Santeria is an adaptable tradition that has no central authority. Discusses indigenous African religions as ethical systems and links belief in and veneration of ancestors to these systems. Santeria: The Soul Possessed: Directed by Benny Mathews. We can see African influences and also Christian influences. Eating the sacrificed animal is considered a sharing with the Orisha, who only consumes the animal's blood, while the worshippers eat the meat. African Religions and Philosophy. The religion is also known as La Regla Lucumi and. The basis of the Santeria religion is the nurture of a personal relation with the orishas, and one of the principal forms of devotion is an animal sacrifice. Santeria became a way to keep their old culture alive, in a way that did not threaten or attract undue attention of their oppressors. The religion emphasizes the here and now rather than the afterlife, and it focuses on natural forces. Thus, while Africans continue to see death as a "saying yes" to God's summons, this summons is a prelude to God's judgment, which determines one's final postmortem destiny in heaven or hell. We know the difference and we have to be conscious of our actions. Lewiston, N.Y., 1992. When we return to heaven we have a touch base about our life on earth. A majority of evangelical Protestants (58%) say that magic or witchcraft can influence people's lives. A religion started in secret. Encyclopedia.com. Their healthcare draws on Catholicism as well as African tradition; holy water is an ingredient in many Santeria medicinal formulas. Ancestorhood is therefore a status of honor reserved for the exemplary dead. This combination now forms the deities of the contemporary Santeria religion. Followers believe that these spirits will give them help in life, if they carry out the appropriate rituals, and enable them to achieve the destiny planned for them before they were born. In a landmark 1993 case, the Church of Lakumi Babalu Aye successfully sued the city of Hialeah, Florida, for the right to practice animal sacrifice within a religious context; the Supreme Court determined that it was a protected activity. When after a long time such individuals are no longer remembered by name, they enter a state of what Mbiti calls collective immortality as they blend into the general world of those who have gone before (Mbiti, 1969). As a result of these ceremonial exchanges, the oracle often determines that one particular orisha has claimed the devotee as its child. The belief system of Santeria is reflected in its history. Sometimes my clients are also not comfortable dealing with the spiritual world on their own or lack the necessary items and solitude to even conduct these rituals. Olokun also presides over meditation, mental health, dreaming, psychic abilities and water-based healing. (2020, August 28). Practitioners believe that Orichas intercede for them if they make offerings and live in compliance with their wishes. Both religions have beliefs in possession by certain spirits Orishas in Santeria and Loas in Voodoo. The name Santera derives from the correspondences made by some devotees between the Yoruba deities called orishas and the saints (santos) of Roman Catholic piety. While Christianity emphasizes beliefs and preparation for eternal life, he says, Santeria focuses almost entirely on rituals and life in the here-and-now. Santeria incorporates elements of several faiths and so is what's called a 'syncretic' religion. Ancestors are therefore to be dreaded and rejected as part of the demonic forces in the "netherworld" that Jesus "dismantled" through his death and resurrection. This period of religious history begins with the invention of writing about 5,200 years ago (3200 BCE). Properly known as Lukum in the Yorb language, meaning "friendship," Santeria was the religion practiced by descendants of many Yorb slaves in Cuba, over time . According to the myth, humans continue to suffer hardships in this world, until one day when, their expiation over, they will return to the sky. These myths also indicate that in God's original intentions, the world was orderly, and human beings led a happy life in a state of immortality as long as they were close to God, their creator. Mugambi, Jesse, and J. Slowly, the African religious rituals merged with Christianity. We don't think people are always going to be naturally good. Image courtesy of Jacob Tabo/Unsplash. The belief that the dead are not dead is expressed and dramatized through rituals designed to welcome and install the deceased back into the world of the living. It has grown beyond its Yoruba and Catholic origins to become a religion in its own right, and a powerful symbol of the religious creativity of Afro-Cuban culture. The Heartbeat of Indigenous Africa. Such rituals, usually performed a year after death and burial, are reminiscent of Kurova Guva, Ukubuyisa, or Duogo rituals mentioned earlier. Santeria is an Afro-Carribian religion that expanded during the time of the Cuban slave trade (Types of Religion, 2016). It was about "ancient" origins of all the Christmas traditions. Tree, yule log, 12 days etcAfter reading it she looked at me like a demon for a bit..lol. Santeria developed among Afro-Cuban communities while Voodoo developed among Afro-Haitian communities. De La Torre also edited Handbook of U.S. Theologies of Liberation, examining Christian concepts and the interrelationship between religion, community and culture from the perspective of U.S. marginalized communities. thunder and power are two aspects of nature that are represented by the deity. It is most often used to, Afrocentrism has a long and often misunderstood history. Among the Gikuyu, as was typical in most indigenous African communities, though one's moral misconduct could provoke divine anger and punishment, such punishment was this-worldly rather than delayed and otherworldly. The basis of the Santeria religion is the nurture of a personal relation with the orishas, and one of the principal forms of devotion is an animal sacrifice. "What is Santeria?" There is a Spanish influence in Santeria, whereas in Voodoo religion the French influence is more prominent. Doctrinally, to ban ancestral veneration, then, is to demand that Africans abandon this quite viable notion of family (Ela, 1990, p. 17). Sun on the cross sacrificing your ego. It explores marginalized views of global issues like poverty, war and the environment, as well as business issues such as corporate accountability and affirmative action. P'bitek, Okot'. The basis of the Santeria religion is the nurture of a personal relation with the orishas, and one of the principal forms of devotion is an animal sacrifice. Attempts were made to convert the enslaved Africans, but while they accepted much of the missionary teachings, they didn't find that these provided sufficient 'religious fulfilment'. Further sources for Mesopotamian afterlife beliefs include burials, grave inscriptions, economic texts recording disbursements for funerals or cults of the dead, references to death in royal . The Cabildos were not only ethnic clubs but also religious organizations under the secret leadership of the babalawo - the religious functionary whose patron divinity was Orunmilla, the oracle divinity of the Yoruba. For a long time Santeria was a secretive underground religion, but it's becoming increasingly visible in the Americas: Once dismissed as a ghetto religion practiced only by the Caribbean poor and uneducated, Santeria has a growing following among middle-class professionals, including white, black and Asian Americans. Devotees see the Orisha tradition as a world religion and have received public recognition of their spiritual achievements. This process had a tremendous impact on all aspects of African beliefs, including notions of the afterlife, our immediate concern here. Such theologians assert the compatibility of African beliefs with Christian ones if only the latter can shed their Western garb and be clothed afresh in terms of African culture, a process called "inculturation." The Luo of Kenya, for example, use the yago fruit, which is several feet in length and is laid in the grave to represent the dead. Santeria is not much different from any other religion. Whereas in indigenous African thought ancestors were moral exemplars, enjoying a status of honor to which the living could aspire, today, ancestors are in Christian discourse depicted as evil forces of the same character with the devil. Nairobi, Kenya, 1992. Lizette Alvarez explained in a New York Times article about Santeria philosophy: "The religion emphasizes the here and now rather than the afterlife, and it focuses on natural forces. Their subsequent pact with the spirit reflects both their respect for the power of the Orisha to claim their lives and their gratitude for the Orisha's agency in effecting a cure. It's a choice. The way in which these pieces fall is used to provide guidance. He corresponds to the Catholic Saint Lazarus. We try to cultivate good character while on earth because it helps us in our spiritual evolution, and it also makes society a more pleasant place to live in. The members of the il relate to each other in much the same way as members of an extended biological family. Summarizing distinctive markers of this African worldview, Sambuli Mosha isolates four key ideas, namely: (1) the centrality of belief in God, (2) an acknowledgment of the intrinsic unity between individuals and communities, (3) viewing the universe as an interconnected, interdependent whole, (4) embracing life as a process of spiritual formation and transformation (Mosha, 2000). To put it simply, Santera is a religion for and by women. Most practitioners of Santera consider life on earth to be more desirable than an permanent existence in the afterlife. The U.S. Army and Federal Bureau of Prisons have incorporated orisha ministries into their chaplaincies. We believe in reincarnation. Santera is a syncretic religion from Cuba that incorporates elements of Catholicism with the religion of the Yoruba people from West Africa. Possession of spirits. Sacrifices are conducted during important events such as death, birth, marriage, healing, and initiation (Lele, 2012). She is associated with Saint Theresa. For many centuries, cards have been and remain one of the most popular methods of fortune-telling. They belong to the Six Nations, formerly known as the Iroquois or Haudenosaunee Confederacy. Meanwhile, communities like those of the Swahili of East Africa present a religio-cultural hybridity a result of years of blending indigenous African cultures with Islamic ones. What can we do for our departed loved ones? There is a Spanish influence in Santeria, whereas in Voodoo religion the French influence is more prominent. As we recall, Africans believe that the destiny of the individual and the community are interdependent, interconnected, and intertwined. Paradoxically, then, the dead are not dead, a paradox that led Mbiti to coin the phrase "the Living-Dead" (1969, p. 81). The deceased is also ritually consulted to indicate his or her acceptance thus to be reintegrated into the family (Gundani in Cox, 1998, p. 201). Preparations are then made for the grand and irrevocable initiation of the devotee into that orishas mysteries. While animal sacrifice remains the most controversial aspect of Santeriaand the focus of most news stories about itDe La Torre says the practice is becoming less common as the religionmoves nearer to the American mainstream. The word syncretistic means to "draw together" or "combine." In a religious environment, this involves the mixing of elements from different or independent religious traditions to create a new belief system. De La Torre, a Baptist minister, approaches the topic from a unique insider-outsider perspective. When they die, believers are buried in the earth (never cremated) so that they can provide axe to all living things. Bob Allen is managing editor of EthicsDaily.com. Whatever they feel like doing, 2016 ) ( never cremated ) so that they can provide axe all! Reason, too, death is also known as Oricha or Orisha, are. Rituals that are represented by the deity when we return to heaven hell! 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