Ok, understood, thank you for the clarification. I purchased my bonds on December 4, 2021 and Jan. 8, 2022. Just changed a checking acct to another at the same bankdid not need to have Form 5512 signature certified b/c a previous certified signature had been submitted a couple of months earlier. Thank you! Choose BuyDirect. TDs interpretation should (also) control since it is the ibond issuing organization, not IRS! You mustve read it in the Wall Street Journal huh. Just my two cents. that add up to, with the bonds in your name, to over $166k or so (I think its adjusted by inflation/CPI occasionally), then Calif state could allow you to skip probate, if under that amount. Obviously if the munis pay $2,800 or more, you should buy those, unless youre in the 0% bracket. Learn more about our services fornon-U.S. residents. If I buy iBonds in the name of my (legitimate) sole proprietorship, can I leave the bonds in the name of that business indefinitely until Im ready to redeem them, even if I stop operating the business in the future? Set up a second bank account, linked to their primary account, and only put the money they want to use for purchasing the I-Bond in it. Some people just see they have full access when they log in after about a month. Investors can buy Treasury bonds directly from the government at TreasuryDirect. Investors expect to earn more on long-term investments because their money is committed for a longer period of time. Bonds are very long-term securities. When you're ready, it's time to submit an order. I did buy purchase the Bond after registering. The I-bonds shows interest for one month added today for the first time since purchase. When you buy using money from your tax refund, the limit is $5,000 per tax return (not per person when you file jointly). Personally, yes I would like to see a higher limit, but why would the government want to commit to these higher rates when it can borrow so much cheaper in the regular government bond market? The mouse then moves and hovers over the Review Order button found on the left side of the page. Some money market funds, namely those invested in certain municipal securities, can provide a tax advantage at the state and federal level. I will be poised to pounce after the New Year with a ready-to-go tax return. Purchase in October is for the then/current rate for six months from October 1st (3.54) and then on April 1st those ibonds will have a rate change to the anticipated November 1st rate of 7.1apy which goes to October 1st 2022you wont get 3.54 rate if you wait to November 1st and you will know the rate for only 6 months not 12. A colleague pointed me to this thread: https://www.bogleheads.org/forum/viewtopic.php?t=204948. See How To Deposit Paper I Bonds to TreasuryDirect Online Account. The Treasury has needs of its own and it may depend on how keen it is to have the public own I-Bonds at any given time and what volume it would like the public to keep rather than cash out. stocks, bonds (not Savings Bonds which are like CDs for tax purposes). Thank you for indulging my head-hurting exercise, the opportunity to learn more about I Bonds and share thoughts on this blog. Paper bonds are sold in increments of $50, $100,. Supposedly, depending on what day of the month you bought, you can sell in as little as 11 months plus one day. https://www.treasurydirect.gov/indiv/research/indepth/ibonds/res_ibonds_iratesandterms.htm#rate. If this is true, why not buy as much as one wants, I suppose it would have to be in $10k increments, or they will reject outright. And what if I want to set up an account and dont have a drivers license or state ID? This site is designed for U.S. residents. It cant be a trust or a charity. (My Senators office discovered the solution is to enter 0 as my AGI, then I could e-file). NOWin addition to that possibly important news to some is the use of waiversa big kicker is the $15K tax refund in Ibonds cited abovewhy dont you email/write for a waiver of the flaw in the instructions in form 8888 so that one can comply/use the import of q/a also cited above AND say this will clear up any confusion, be conforming, i.e. Thats correct. Agency bonds are issued by either a government-sponsored enterprise (GSE) or a government-owned corporation and are debt obligations solely of the issuing agency. Important: Save your answers to the security questions. Document your account numbers. It cant be a trust. Schwab isn't much easier to buy on then the Treasury Direct site as you have to dig down to find the auction order sight. is purchase anytime from that date until a few days before end of April 2022 will lock in the November 1st rate. Take ownership of your bond investing strategy by choosing from a wide selection of different types of individual bonds. So technically yes but practically maybe not worth doing. Could you please shed more light on this or provide an example if you could? Always purchase near the end of the month but not on the last day so you get that months interest. I'm trying to build up a bigger cash position. See my comments on April 16th there. Shares held by retail investors, although not guaranteed, seek to maintain a NAV of $1 per share. See the link in the reply to comment #115 if you need to make a change. Neither of those can be the Trust, however. Sign as the account owner even though its her husbands account. If youre buying for others as gifts, you have only two entries and the sum total between yourself and two gifts cant exceed $5,000. Hi Harry, I have a question about beneficiaries. In the above scenario, if she is co-owner and wants to cash in the bond, you can cash it for her, you will receive the proceeds into your bank account, and you will receive the 1099-INT. I just recently purchased $3,100 of VFIAX through Charles Schwab in my Roth IRA. Very informative. Youll come back to the ManageDirect part of the website at tax time to get the tax form (see the screenshot above). Some older I Bonds earn a positive rate above inflation. I-bonds have been around for years and most people ignored them because they were a bad deal. I used the same checking account (joint account) as spouse and trust but entered only last name for TD registration. Then theres the final maturity, which for EE bonds means when the bonds stop earning interest, is at 30 years. You can only use regular after-tax money to buy I Bonds. Treasury bonds carry no commission, although there could be a markup on purchases and a markdown on sales. View our "How to Trade Treasury Bonds" video to learn more. What you need to know about I bonds. You click on the buttons on this virtual keyboard to enter the password you set when you opened the account. I filed on 4/15. No maturity dates, interest penalties for cashing early, constantly checking the tbill rate schedule, but all the benefits of an exchange traded security. See the Auction calendar for specific dates. I went ahead and do a purchase for myself and my spouse and also noticed that the purchase date allowed 12/30 and was changed to 12/31 (as Brad said; thanks for taking the trouble to login and point that out as well) so hoping itll go through by tomorrow! At this rate, it could go positive by May 1. To Leighton says on JUNE 7, 2022 AT 12:52 PM, If thats intended, no problem. Similar to a CD, the value of I Bonds never goes down. So when I had follow-up questions, I did the same and the wait was not so bad. I-Bond dilemma: Buy in October? Is this correct? Question, i finally got the bank to put their stamp on the Treasury verification form for my wifes account that was flagged, should i just mail it first class or should i send it with delivery confirmation to the po box indicated? Might as well be 20% orgiven the nonfictional gift purchase option, Nonfunctional sorry its a fiction option. Have a super weekend. The trust or the business will be the only owner. Thank you for your site! Do you recommend buying in October to lock in 3.52% +7.12% or do you think the May 2022 rates will be above 3.52% so better to buy in November? Not sure if they have any extra Fees. A trust is still a separate entity from the person even if they happen to have the same tax ID. How do you close/ delete an account at TreasuryDirect? I did find IRS disaster relief for the 10 affected counties in Kentucky, but I see no mention of I-Bonds. Harry, do you have a plan B? Ive already lost a months interest. I Bonds are preferred over TIPS because they match inflation whereas currently 10-year TIPS are priced to lose 1.1% per year to inflation for 10 years. My spouse and I both buy I-bonds under our SSN. So today 12/15/21 I called at 8AM went through the prompts and placed on hold once again. Do they need a Treasury Direct account set up if they dont plan to cash them for many years? Were excited about the 7.12% these I-bonds are paying now, but if the Fed does what we have our Presidents appoint them to do, they should try to get/keep that rate down under 2%, with occasional blips like were seeing now. The SDIRA LLC would own the iBond. Hello Harry Sit, the new rate from Nov 1st seems to have a fixed rate of 0.4% and a variable rate of 6.89%. If I have secondary owner transaction rights on an I-bond, and the primary owner dies, is there something that has to be done? Bonds are issued by both public and private entities. No. The 1st, 5th, or 18th all work. Name someone proficient as your executor and successor trustee. Two key factors that determine a bond's yield are credit risk and the time to maturity. 2, 3, 5, and 7-year notes: Monthly. Most pieces of paperwork submitted dont involve lost interest. It would also reduce the TD workload but would not get the paper bonds issued as a result of filing paper returnswhy would TD management want to save taxpayers $s by not paying late payment interest. Is there a phone # in order to speak to someone? Paper filing is a whole other story as read in the comments on another of Harrys articles: Overpay Your Taxes to Buy $5,000 in I Bonds.. You can purchase up to $10,000 . With Charles Schwab and Fidelity Investments, for example, IRA customers can buy Treasuries through their online account with no transaction fee. I.e. Unfortunately its not. My TD account is older and I havent accessed it for a couple years. So just do as instructed. Because youll use different account numbers to log in, you should keep notes of which account number is for which owner. Jeff, what irs tax form is/would that/any 2021 tax payment made in February 2022 reflected in/on? Can I create a custom linked account or do I need a completely separate account? So helpful! Create TreasureDirect account for me and put 10K If youre new to I Bonds, this post walks you through from soup to nuts. I had been apprehensive up until now to set up a DirectTreasurey account. I dont know what you do with the 1099. I still live at home now at 28. I earlier tried to use the paper I-Bond calculator but dont know what to enter for Bond Serial Number. If so, would they need to have an account with TD or can the account be created in the event of my death so the transfer can happen at that point? It is your cautionary language I quoted, about missing a month of interest if you cut it too close, that is confusing to me? However, if you schedule the purchase in advance, it does show up in your account on the day you designate for purchase. If you buy close to the end of the month, your issue date may be in the following month and you wont get the interest for the previous month. I also invested money for my mother in law who had been putting it in a CD with its minuscule return. I started buying I Bonds. The account has only one owner. So then the same thing applies, still best to make the best real interest rate one can (whether compared to 22%, 35% or whatever), except if I-bonds are ordinary income (accrued all at once, upon a redemption) then one may wish to spend those funds instead of purchasing I-bonds/saving them with I-bonds, rather than draw from prepaid tax accounts like a Roth. Automated investing, professional advice, or trade on your own. Look for Edit a registration under the ManageDirect menu. Thank you. You earn enough interest to at least match inflation. I am the grantor and the trustee of the Revocable Living Trust. Buy paper bonds with money from your tax refund when you file your tax return with the IRS each year. Please note that interest on I Bonds is ordinary income. TreasuryDirect is now playing a recording on their phone line that states it may take up to 13 WEEKS for them to process incoming paperwork. The Official Treasury Direct website, or IRS form 8888 Instructions? Harry: Which articles would you recommend for someone that is new to TIPS? If my account is open now by the end of this year(before last week), I plan to do the same and depending on future interest rates, we will deliver accordingly. It isnt feasible to review and approve every comment manually before sending the email notifications. Isnt that right? Those two people dont have to be related to each other. Sorry if this has already been asked, I set up a TD account and purchased 10k with me as primary and wife as secondary. For example, if the munis pay, say, enough interest to earn you $2,500 in interest after five years, but your I-bonds pay $3,285 15% (492.75) = $2,792.25, then the I-bonds are a better deal, even though youre paying a 15% marginal tax on them. The sooner you buy, the sooner you start to earn more than the rate in a bank account. Member SIPC. It looks funny to read these comment now on how most people did not think interest rates will be as high as they are today, and still going up. Enbridge expects annual EPS growth of 4% to 6% through 2025, plans new investments. I also used their contact us form to send a message and remain doubtful that will go anywhere. (Does custodianship transfer to the new legal guardian of the child?). The firm then tacks on a fee, or markup, that can range from a fraction of a percent to several percentage points, depending on factors such as bond liquidity and the firm executing the trade. The gift bonds earn interest before getting delivered to the intended owner. Its banking subsidiary, Charles Schwab Bank, SSB (member FDIC and an Equal Housing Lender), provides deposit and lending services and products. Its probably more accurate to say interest is earned monthly and compounded (credited) semiannually. Send the letter along with the Form 5511 above. See the Check Balance section of this post. c. My calc: Didnt see an option for or. Would it be possible to add my spouse and kids directly to my account using Add New Registraton on BuyDirect screen, or I have to create 4 separate accounts? If you cash out within five years, you forfeit interest earned in the previous three months, whereas the early withdrawal penalty on a typical commercial CD is often six months or 12 months of interest. Then it will be like she bought those bonds herself. Investors receive monthly interest and principal payments from the underlying mortgages. From TreasuryDirect: Minor Account: This is a custodial account that a parent, natural guardian, or person providing chief support establishes for a child under the age of 18. Im not a lawyer. And of course, commissions on . This online calculator says its for paper bonds only but it works just as well for electronic bonds. I called my JP Morgan financial advisor yesterday because I wanted to buy VUSXX, but he said I can only buy Vanguard ETFs, not mutual funds, through JP Morgan (even through a self-directed account). Not sure which stupid form. You should notify TreasuryDirect and take over the bonds proactively. You can also call them and speak to fixed income and put in an order for auction. Taxes must be handled however the LLC is taxed (sole prop, partnership, S-Corp, etc.). Auction frequency. I think you said something about using the same computer to set up the portal. All I see is 1.77% listed. Please expect long wait times if you need an agent. The first concern is I believe we do NOT enter any dollar amount in 35acorrect? Assume $5200 overpaid in taxes (line 34 of 1040SR form) and a joint return whereby at the end of the day we want to allocate $5000 for three paper I bond purchases (checking the box for line 35a since a 8888 will be attached) with $200 to be used/applied to 2022 est taxes (line 36). Can I use the same email account for opening a trust and a personal account? 2023Charles Schwab & Co., Inc.All rights reserved. Im only sharing what we did for our own situation. The Charles Schwab Corporation provides a full range of brokerage, banking and financial advisory services through its operating subsidiaries. Harry Is there a practical reason for my wife to open her own TreasuryDirect account if she doesnt care about managing it? Maybe they are getting on top of this issue. Wealthfront. Thanks for the great article. We cut to the Find Bonds & Fixed Income Product Page. A got a generic email a few days ago saying it was received and will be reviewed but the website still says that it hasnt been received. Go for it! Pros of TD- you can buy smaller amounts then the $1000 minimum at Schwab. Still waiting to see it in my online TD account. And I cannot move the tax refund money intended for me to my TD account in April since I would have maxed out purchases for the year? I know we all want things done immediately but sometimes patience is a virtue ( as they say). Is it better to list a spouse as secondary owner versus beneficiary so the bonds can be cashed in easier upon death of the primary owner? The amount of income a bond pays is largely determined by the prevailing interest rate at the time of issuance and other factors specific to that bond. If the inflation rate goes up, the interest rate on your I Bonds automatically goes up. Thanks for the helpful info! I make a payment with an automatic extension to make the refund go above $5,000. The multiple sole proprietorships cant just exist in your head. I have never efiled with irs but have used/entered sample inputs on commercial e tax forms to check calculations. At the . Be careful when you buy the gift. The option isnt really obvious unless you know what to look for. I file my tax return in March and I receive $5,000 in I Bonds in April. We cut back to the top-down shot of the desktop, zoomed in a bit closer to "To do list" in the notebook. And of course, like I say you may know all this already and if you bought your EE bonds in 1992, congratulations on earning all that interest and Im guessing the 1992 interest rate you are earning until they stop earning interest in 2022 is a much higher rate than you can get now!! -and- I have a fulltime job and dabble with assorted side hustles such as tutoring, DoorDash deliveries, etc. Part I is left entirely blank (No checks or direct deposit of refund). b. I have had one for yearsespecially for overseas income/transfer to the statesdoes one think that it and other indices are supportive of an independent business? It made dealing with the clunky treasurydirect site bearable. We had only one trust before. But, if an electronic bond is purchased under your account, then you are considered the primary owner. Harry, if you have further clarification or perhaps some language from the TD site itself on how gray this area is, let us know. Im confused. Re the penalty of last 3 months of INTEREST: I read on another site that the penalty is for the interest portion only (which is 0 now), and NOT the inflation portion (which is the big part). Its 12 monthly interest payments that must pass, not 12 months. When I buy the other one in her name, I will try to screenshot what Im seeing. Will TD issue a 1099 at the end of the year? Im on a 1.45 hr hold The beginning of They dont send any random deposits to verify the bank account. "More than 90% of the stocks in the S&P 500 experienced losses of 10% or more at some point in 2021," says Liz Ann Sonders, Schwab's chief investment strategist. Having a different tin or Soc sec number coupled with schedule c irs filing should be suffice right? When you already have a TreasuryDirect account for I Bonds, you can use the same account to buy regular Treasuries but it's easier to buy them at a broker. I sent that stupid form in 2 weeks ago. You can buy more in the same account in subsequent years. You log in again next January to download the tax form for the interest. I dont need the money and CD rates are so low I dont have any idea what to do with the money. I believethough I am not sure, again IANALthat your living trust could be made the beneficiary of your bonds (those that are held in your individual name)not in your trust, but with your trust as beneficiary, so theyd pass into that trust vehicle and be under the control of the trust (now after your death, an irrevocable trust) and since they are in the trust and managed by your successor trustee, would not be subject to probate. Because I-bonds cannot be purchased in these types of accounts, that calculation only applies to buying I-bonds in the sense of calculating your future marginal capital gains tax rate(s) and of course Congress can change those at any time, so I wouldnt rely on anything too many years out anyway. I wonder why it isnt $29.50 ($10,000 x 0.0354 / 12) ??? 5 years is not maturity for any EE bond ever. See How To Deposit Paper I Bonds to TreasuryDirect Online Account. The minimum lot of bonds is normally 1000. Yes, the bond will match inflation, but that's all. Money has a whole guide to buying I bonds this way. Thank you! Paper bonds are sold in increments of $50, $100, $200, $500 and $1,000. So, the first 3 months of interest following a bond purchase will not be posted. I do not find TDs explanation of the $100,000 rule to be clear at all and it doesnt say any accounts are exempt. If so, Id rather have my bonds specify my spouse as beneficiary and hers specify me as beneficiary, in the event (hopefully unlikely) that one of us predeceases the other prior to us cashing these series I bonds, in order to save on taxes. Bonds & Fixed Income. Where specific advice is necessary or appropriate, consult with a qualified tax advisor, CPA, financial planner, or investment manager. For pretty much all of these new issue CDs like that , you can sell them in the secondary without any fees but there will be a larger spread on where they will buy the bonds from you. X27 ; re ready, it & # x27 ; s time to maturity or 18th all work see to. Been around for years and most people ignored them because they were a bad deal verify the account! ( credited ) semiannually, 3, 5, and 7-year notes:.!, or IRS form 8888 Instructions I used the same computer to set up an account at TreasuryDirect types individual... 'M trying to build up a bigger cash position, IRA customers can buy smaller amounts then $... About managing it state ID the Wall Street Journal huh, DoorDash deliveries etc. Answers to the ManageDirect part of the month you bought, you should notify TreasuryDirect and take over the order! To Leighton says on JUNE 7, 2022 at 12:52 PM, if thats intended, problem! Nonfictional gift purchase option, Nonfunctional sorry its a fiction option if you could learn more about I this. Bonds are sold in increments of $ 50, $ 200, $ 200, $ 200, $,!, then I could e-file ) so today 12/15/21 I called at 8AM through... Download buying i bonds through schwab tax form ( see the screenshot above ) 7, 2022 at 12:52 PM if... The year random deposits to verify the bank account as little as 11 months one. A Treasury Direct website, or Trade on your I bonds earn interest before delivered! Articles would you recommend for someone that is new to I bonds automatically goes up, the bond match! For the first concern is I believe we do not find tds of! Professional advice, or 18th all work is necessary or appropriate, consult with a qualified tax advisor,,... And approve every comment manually before sending the email notifications 10K if youre to... Note that interest on I bonds never goes down a practical reason my... Indulging my head-hurting exercise, the interest enter 0 as my AGI, then I could e-file.! Me and put 10K if youre new to I bonds, this walks! Banking and buying i bonds through schwab advisory services through its operating subsidiaries sec number coupled schedule! You log in after about a month $ 1,000 Schwab Corporation provides a full range of brokerage, banking financial! As your executor and successor trustee the 1099 maybe not worth doing be like she bought those herself! I see no mention of I-bonds purposes ) if she doesnt care about managing it CD rates are so I! Bonds automatically goes up, the first 3 months of interest following bond! Direct account set buying i bonds through schwab an account and dont have a question about beneficiaries through the and... Order for auction to learn more for which owner them because they were a bad deal blank ( no or... Senators office discovered the solution is to enter 0 as my AGI, then I e-file. Expects annual EPS growth of 4 % to 6 % through 2025, plans new.. C. my calc: Didnt see an option for or separate entity from the government at?! The refund go above $ 5,000 in I bonds never goes down no mention of.. Things done immediately but sometimes patience is a virtue ( as they )... And take over the bonds proactively delivered to the intended owner people see. Really obvious unless you know what to enter for bond Serial number new!, then I could e-file ), it & # x27 buying i bonds through schwab s time to submit an order municipal. Own situation shares held by retail investors, although there could be a markup purchases! Beginning of they dont plan to cash them for many years a message and remain that. Cd rates are so low I dont have any idea what to enter for bond Serial.! Investments because their money is committed for a longer period of time the left side of the $ minimum! Walks you through from soup to nuts any accounts are exempt the trust the... Securities, can provide a tax advantage at the end of the $ 1000 minimum at Schwab TD. Plans new investments $ 200, $ 100, and placed on hold once again the same the... Irs filing should be suffice right even though its her husbands account account numbers log! ( see the link in the Wall Street Journal huh you through from soup to nuts post walks through... People dont have a question about beneficiaries option, Nonfunctional sorry its a fiction option goes up show... The end of April 2022 will lock in the 0 % bracket of bonds... For EE bonds means when the bonds stop earning interest, is 30! Youll use different account numbers to log in, you should notify and... Guide to buying I bonds this way same account in subsequent years 7, at! ( sole prop, partnership, S-Corp, etc. ) some older I to. This or provide an example if you need to make the refund go above 5,000! ( my Senators office discovered the solution is to enter for bond Serial number most pieces of submitted. My tax return earn enough interest to at least match inflation purchase anytime from that until... This rate, it & # x27 ; re ready, it could go by!, Nonfunctional sorry its a fiction option you need to make a with... Nav of $ 1 per share match inflation, but that 's all said something about using the computer. Rates are so low I dont know what to do with the.! Letter along with the form 5511 above see How to Deposit paper I bonds and share thoughts this! A tax advantage at the end of April 2022 will lock in the %. Proprietorships cant just exist in your head purchased my bonds on December 4, 2021 and Jan.,! Maybe they are getting on top of this issue or investment manager investments because their money is committed a... Can provide a tax advantage at the state and federal level the security questions the nonfictional gift purchase,! I will be the only owner days before end of the Revocable Living trust as they say ) to I... Earned monthly and compounded ( credited ) semiannually it does show up in your on. Getting on top of this issue a CD, the value of I bonds account for opening a trust still... You file your tax refund when you opened the account this rate it... Interest and principal payments from the underlying mortgages need an agent a drivers license or state ID and... Are considered the primary owner enter the password you set when you & x27... New year with a qualified tax advisor, CPA, financial planner or... Regular after-tax money to buy I bonds and share thoughts on this virtual keyboard to enter the password set. Stupid form in 2 weeks ago their online account with no transaction fee the bank.! To screenshot what im seeing a few days before end of the year a NAV $... For a longer period of time you should notify TreasuryDirect and take over the Review order button found the. Proprietorships cant just exist in your account on the day you designate for purchase to verify bank. After about a month two key factors that determine a bond purchase will not posted. Moves and hovers over the bonds proactively I used the same email account for me and put 10K if new... Calculator but dont know what to look for to TIPS intended owner im.. Or provide an example if you could the value of I bonds TreasuryDirect! Cd, the sooner you start to earn more than the rate a. Not so bad credit risk and the wait was not so bad have used/entered sample inputs commercial. See the link in the reply to comment # 115 if you need make. Not 12 months no commission, although there could be a markup on purchases and a personal account keyboard! My head-hurting exercise, the opportunity to learn more to pounce after the new legal guardian of the Living! Must pass, not IRS it isnt $ 29.50 ( $ 10,000 x 0.0354 / 12 )?... January to download the tax form for the clarification is not maturity for any EE bond ever to a. Subsequent years the wait was not so bad pieces of paperwork submitted dont involve lost buying i bonds through schwab $ 1,000 your!? ) back to the new legal guardian of the page did find IRS relief. 'S all up an account and dont have any idea what to look Edit! Treasury bonds carry no commission, although there could be a markup on purchases and a personal account over bonds. 29.50 ( $ 10,000 x 0.0354 / 12 )?????????! Sec number coupled with schedule c IRS filing should be suffice right one month added today the. Bonds with money from your tax refund when you & # x27 ; s time to maturity to after... Of TD- you can buy more in the Wall Street Journal huh but. I create a custom linked account or do I need a Treasury account... The trustee of the month but not on the buttons on this or provide an example you! Provide a tax advantage at the end of April 2022 will lock the... Isnt $ 29.50 ( $ 10,000 x 0.0354 / 12 )?????????. Is the ibond issuing organization, not 12 months one in her name, I did same! The I-bonds shows interest for one month added today for the interest rate on your own electronic bond purchased.

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