Just as the sacraments of the New Law, by which the life and the apostolate of the faithful are nourished, prefigure a new heaven and a new earth,(204) so too the laity go forth as powerful proclaimers of a faith in things to be hoped for,(205) when they courageously join to their profession of faith a life springing from faith. 1:12. ON THE HIERARCHICAL STRUCTURE OF THE CHURCH AND IN PARTICULAR ON THE EPISCOPATE. Pius XI, Litt. . emptied Himself, taking the nature of a slave",(77) and "being rich, became poor"(78) for our sakes. Litt. 188, a. 1821 (3050 s.). 2; Smyrn. Mystici Corporis, 1. c., p. 221 ss. 161 Cf. (101) The baptized, by regeneration and the anointing of the Holy Spirit, are consecrated as a spiritual house and a holy priesthood, in order that through all those works which are those of the Christian man they may offer spiritual sacrifices and proclaim the power of Him who has called them out of darkness into His marvelous light. by Fr. Besides these already named, there are also laymen, chosen of God and called by the bishop. Later. (196) They also have for their brothers those in the sacred ministry who by teaching, by sanctifying and by ruling with the authority of Christ feed the family of God so that the new commandment of charity may be fulfilled by all. 5 ed. Pius XII, Const. 23, cap. The major Marian teaching of Vatican II, Lumen Gentium, chapter 8 does not stand alone.It has to be studied in terms of the counciliar action and documents that preceded and followed it. All the members ought to be molded in the likeness of Him, until Christ be formed in them. (19*) By her belief and obedience, not knowing man but overshadowed by the Holy Spirit, as the new Eve she brought forth on earth the very Son of the Father, showing an undefiled faith, not in the word of the ancient serpent, but in that of God's messenger. (22*) Therefore it pertains to the bishops to admit newly elected members into the Episcopal body by means of the sacrament of Orders. Funk, I, pp. (16) Cfr. In such a home husbands and wives find their proper vocation in being witnesses of the faith and love of Christ to one another and to their children. 42. 15, 296: PG 30, 637 C. (35) S. Coelestinus, Epist. (22*) And at the same time, in conformity with our own pastoral interests, we urge all concerned, if any abuses, excesses or defects have crept in here or there, to do what is in their power to remove or correct them, and to restore all things to a fuller praise of Christ and of God. (230) From the earliest times, then, some Christians have been called uponand some will always be called uponto give the supreme testimony of this love to all men, but especially to persecutors. (139) He sent them first to the children of Israel and then to all nations,(140) so that as sharers in His power they might make all peoples His disciples, and sanctify and govern them,(141) and thus spread His Church, and by ministering to it under the guidance of the Lord, direct it all days even to the consummation of the world. Thus these religious are able to tranquilly fulfill and faithfully observe their religious profession and so spiritually rejoicing make progress on the road of charity. Chrysostomus, In Matth. 3: Mansi 10, 1151. ; S. Iustinus, Apol., 1, 6S G 6, 428; S. Cyprianus, Epist. By divine institution Holy Church is ordered and governed with a wonderful diversity. (25) From this source the Church, equipped with the gifts of its Founder and faithfully guarding His precepts of charity, humility and self-sacrifice, receives the mission to proclaim and to spread among all peoples the Kingdom of Christ and of God and to be, on earth, the initial budding forth of that kingdom. They should raise all of society, and even creation itself, to a better mode of existence. For this reason the laity, dedicated to Christ and anointed by the Holy Spirit, are marvelously called and wonderfully prepared so that ever more abundant fruits of the Spirit may be produced in them. Tridentinum Sess. 7, 7: . The former is a danger; the latter, salvation" (1*). The bishops are owed this respect because of their pastoral authority in their own churches and because of the need of unity and harmony in the apostolate.(8*). (64), From Him "the whole body, supplied and built up by joints and ligaments, attains a growth that is of God". Pius XII Litt. 3, ad 1. M., Philad., Praef. (15*), Therefore, all the faithful of Christ are invited to strive for the holiness and perfection of their own proper state. Further, let them encourage lay people so that they may undertake tasks on their own initiative. DOGMATIC CONSTITUTION ON THE CHURCH. S.S.C.S. (218) The followers of Christ are called by God, not because of their works, but according to His own purpose and grace. Vat. Because this is so, this Sacred Synod gathered together in the Holy Spirit eagerly desires, by proclaiming the Gospel to every creature,(1) to bring the light of Christ to all people, a light brightly visible on the countenance of the Church. They must devote themselves with all their being to the glory of God and the service of their neighbor. in dorm. It is also referred to as the "Dogmatic Constitution on the Church." Following the approval by the assembled bishops by a vote of 2,151 to 5, it was promulgated by Pope Paul VI on November 21, 1964. Episcopus Christi typum gerit, Eiusque munere fungitur. I also felt the need to explain why this document is important and . (301) This cult, as it always existed, although it is altogether singular, differs essentially from the cult of adoration which is offered to the Incarnate Word, as well to the Father and the Holy Spirit, and it is most favorable to it. A bishop, since he is sent by the Father to govern his family, must keep before his eyes the example of the Good Shepherd, who came not to be ministered unto but to minister,(170) and to lay down his life for his sheep. 30. Through their baptism and confirmation all are commissioned to that apostolate by the Lord Himself. Annus sacer, 8 dec. 1950, AAS 43 (1951) p. 27 s. Pius XII, Cons. 44, 3; ed. Church authority has the duty, under the inspiration of the Holy Spirit, of interpreting these evangelical counsels, of regulating their practice and finally to build on them stable forms of living. Pius XII Litt. (54*) For "the partaking of the body and blood of Christ does nothing other than make us be transformed into that which we consume". (18*) For in the mystery of the Church, which is itself rightly called mother and virgin, the Blessed Virgin stands out in eminent and singular fashion as exemplar both of virgin and mother. His plan was to raise men to a participation of the divine life. In LG 16, the council addresses the important question regarding the possible fate of the unevangelized who, through no fault of their ownthe invincibly ignoranthave failed to respond to the Gospel. Let them strive to reconcile the two, remembering that in every temporal affair they must be guided by a Christian conscience, since even in secular business there is no human activity which can be withdrawn from God's dominion. From all this it follows that if one member endures anything, all the members co-endure it, and if one member is honored, all the members together rejoice.(59). (29) 983 (1820); Sess. (221) Since truly we all offend in many things (222) we all need God's mercies continually and we all must daily pray: "Forgive us our debts"(223)(3*). In the first place, the shepherds of Christ's flock must holily and eagerly, humbly and courageously carry out their ministry, in imitation of the eternal high Priest, the Shepherd and Guardian of our souls. S. Irenaeus, adv. 2288 (3808).S. (14) The Church, which the Spirit guides in way of all truth(15) and which He unified in communion and in works of ministry, He both equips and directs with hierarchical and charismatic gifts and adorns with His fruits. SS. C. Theodorus Mops., from. (42) Cfr. etiam Mt. Priests, prudent cooperators with the Episcopal order,(72*) its aid and instrument, called to serve the people of God, constitute one priesthood (73*) with their bishop although bound by a diversity of duties. He it is who brings together the whole Church and each and every one of those who believe, and who is the well-spring of their unity in the teaching of the apostles and in fellowship, in the breaking of bread and in prayers. 69. Vat. Christ the Lord, High Priest taken from among men,(100) made the new people "a kingdom and priests to God the Father". (9) Cfr. The laity have the principal role in the overall fulfillment of this duty. Keeping in mind what they are doing and imitating what they are handling,(8*) these priests, in their apostolic labors, rather than being ensnared by perils and hardships, should rather rise to greater holiness through these perils and hardships. Let them therefore teach the faithful that the authentic cult of the saints consists not so much in the multiplying of external acts, but rather in the greater intensity of our love, whereby, for our own greater good and that of the whole Church, we seek from the saints "example in their way of life, fellowship in their communion, and aid by their intercession. Constitutiones Apostolorum, 8, 28, 4: ed. 41: PG 6, 564. This is done in virtue of his primacy over the entire Church in order to more fully provide for the necessities of the entire flock of the Lord and in consideration of the common good. (53) S. Thomas, Summa Theol. 4. having cooperated by charity that faithful might be born in the Church, who are members of that Head. These faithful are by baptism made one body with Christ and are constituted among the People of God; they are in their own way made sharers in the priestly, prophetical, and kingly functions of Christ; and they carry out for their own part the mission of the whole Christian people in the Church and in the world. This diversity among its members arises either by reason of their duties, as is the case with those who exercise the sacred ministry for the good of their brethren, or by reason of their condition and state of life, as is the case with those many who enter the religious state and, tending toward holiness by a narrower path, stimulate their brethren by their example. Pius XII, Nuntius Radioph., 13 maii 1946: AAS 38 (1946) p. 266. It is through the Church that we encounter Christ, so it is through the Church that we realize our vocation, our meaning and our innermost truth. Oec. And let the bishop regard his priests as his co-workers and as sons and friends, just as Christ called His disciples now not servants but friends. also Modus 53, c. For the same reason, the words "Ordo" or "Corpus" are used throughout with reference to the College of bishops. Encycl. 1. Given in Rome at St. Peter's on November 21, 1964. This union is experienced and continually maintained through the Eucharist. 20:21-23. Cfr. November 21, 1964. Pius IX itt. pp. Lc. 4. 100, a. Therefore in the Church, everyone whether belonging to the hierarchy, or being cared for by it, is called to holiness, according to the saying of the Apostle: "For this is the will of God, your sanctification". Ordinis, cap. Communion is a notion which is held in high honor in the ancient Church (and also today, especially in the East). The Word of the Lord is compared to a seed which is sown in a field;(19) those who hear the Word with faith and become part of the little flock of Christ,(20) have received the Kingdom itself. (15*) They are consecrated by baptism, in which they are united with Christ. I Grande munus, 30 sept. 1880: ASS 13 (1880) p. 14S. The family is, so to speak, the domestic church. Munificensissimus, 1 no. The Theological Commission has given the following response regarding the Modi that have to do with Chapter III of the de Ecclesia Schema: "As is self-evident, the Council's text must always be interpreted in accordance with the general rules that are known to all.". The Church recognizes that in many ways she is linked with those who, being baptized, are honored with the name of Christian, though they do not profess the faith in its entirety or do not preserve unity of communion with the successor of Peter. VIII: The Blessed Virgin Mary, Mother of God, in the Mys tery of Christ & of the Church (52-69) -Preface (52-54) a. Mary's relation to Christ in the divine plan of redemptive Incarnation (52) 1) God revealed that to save us He sent His Son "born of a woman" (Gal 4:4f) Deiparae, III: col. 361 D. S. Io. But often men, deceived by the Evil One, have become vain in their reasonings and have exchanged the truth of God for a lie, serving the creature rather than the Creator. (14) De praestantia sacrae virginitatis, cfr. I Orient., c. 216-314: de Patriarchis; c. 324-399: de Archiepiscopis I maioribus; c. 362-391: de aliis dignitariis; in specie, c. 238 3; 216; 240; 251; 255: de Episcopis a Patriarch nominandis. Expos. Report abuse. (63*) Priests, although they do not possess the highest degree of the priesthood, and although they are dependent on the bishops in the exercise of their power, nevertheless they are united with the bishops in sacerdotal dignity. (69) Cfr. Finally it clearly shows all men both the unsurpassed breadth of the strength of Christ the King and the infinite power of the Holy Spirit marvelously working in the Church. From this arises their duty of working to implant and strengthen the Kingdom of Christ in souls and to extend that Kingdom to every clime. Seeking after the glory of Christ, the Church becomes more like her exalted Type, and continually progresses in faith, hope and charity, seeking and doing the will of God in all things. 3. Nor should they omit to pray for those placed over them, for they keep watch as having to render an account of their souls, so that they may do this with joy and not with grief. etia Pius XII, Litt. That divine mission, entrusted by Christ to the apostles, will last until the end of the world,(147) since the Gospel they are to teach is for all time the source of all life for the Church. (5) Cfr. S. Augustinus, C. Faustum, 12, 20: PL 42, 26S Serm. S. Ignatius M., Trall. 7, 7: PG S7, 8 I s. 5. It is true that those in holy orders can at times be engaged in secular activities, and even have a secular profession. 100-1O1, n. 49. The obligation of spreading the faith is imposed on every disciple of Christ, according to his state. Luke 4: 12-16 Jesus cleanses a Leper; Luke 6: 17-19 Jesus teaches and heals; Luke 6: 27-31 Love for enemies; Luke 9:1-6 The Mission of the Twelve. (l4*), III. And this also is important, that by governing well their own church as a portion of the universal Church, they themselves are effectively contributing to the welfare of the whole Mystical Body, which is also the body of the churches.(34*). Cfr. Fidei Donum, 1. c. (36) Leo XIII, Litt. C. Butler, Cambridge 1898 (1904). I: Mansi 52, 1213 AC. "(12*) All the Church's children should remember that their exalted status is to be attributed not to their own merits but to the special grace of Christ. 939 (1742). Mt. 1712l (3011). 36, 4: Hartel, p. 575, lin. As is customary with significant Roman Catholic Church documents, it is known by its incipit, "Lumen . (15) Cfr. (15) Cfr. 7 de Hierosolymis: Conc. Eusebius, Hist. The Church, then, considers martyrdom as an exceptional gift and as the fullest proof of love. 371: Mansi 3, 954. (235)(16*), 43. Alloc. Six ans se sont ecoules, 5 oct. l9S7: AAS 49 (19S7) p. 927. Pius XII, Alloc. Pius XII, Litt. 14, 3: PL 9, 206; CSEL 22, p. 86. In the beginning God made human nature one and decreed that all His children, scattered as they were, would finally be gathered together as one. 581. In this way they may make Christ known to others, especially by the testimony of a life resplendent in faith, hope and charity. (19) In Trad. Lumen Gentium 1. But especially they are able to more fully mold the Christian man to that type of chaste and detached life, which Christ the Lord chose for Himself and which His Mother also embraced. There are some who, in their freedom as sons of God, renounce their own wills and take upon themselves the state of poverty. But each of them, as a member of the episcopal college and legitimate successor of the apostles, is obliged by Christ's institution and command to be solicitous for the whole Church,(33*) and this solicitude, though it is not exercised by an act of jurisdiction, contributes greatly to the advantage of the universal Church. - S. Io. (193), If therefore in the Church everyone does not proceed by the same path, nevertheless all are called to sanctity and have received an equal privilege of faith through the justice of God. And for this reason the apostles, appointed as rulers in this society, took care to appoint successors. S. Methodius, Symposion, VII, 3: GCS (Bodwetseh), p. 74. 264 et 234. These elements, as gifts belonging to the Church of Christ, are forces impelling toward catholic unity. (248) And therefore "while we are in the body, we are exiled from the Lord (249) and having the first-fruits of the Spirit we groan within ourselves(250) and we desire to be with Christ"'. 2301 (38S7-61). 6: PL 40, 399. Hom. All the faithful, scattered though they be throughout the world, are in communion with each other in the Holy Spirit, and so, he who dwells in Rome knows that the people of India are his members"(9*). They must follow in His footsteps and conform themselves to His image seeking the will of the Father in all things. I: Mansi S2,1 109 C. (28) Cfr. (4) Cfr. Botte, Sources Chr., pp. n. 22, end of 1 1. Cfr. Trid., l. c., Denz. By reason of their state and rank in life they have their own special gift among the people of God. Uninterruptedly He renews it and leads it to perfect union with its Spouse. 1826 (3059). Funk, l, p. 244. (74) Constitutiones Ecclesiac aegyptiacae, III, 2: ed. dogm. Second Vatican Council, Lumen Gentium 16, November 21, 1964 "But the plan of salvation also includes those who acknowledge the Creator, in the first place among whom are the Muslims: these profess to hold the faith of Abraham, and together with us they adore the one, merciful God, mankind's judge on the last day." (7*) All this they should do in emulation of those priests who often, down through the course of the centuries, left an outstanding example of the holiness of humble and hidden service. 340, 1: PL 38, 1483. She presented Him to the Father in the temple, and was united with Him by compassion as He died on the Cross. Full membership in the Church involves those who live under the visible representative of Christ. The Church indeed, contemplating her hidden sanctity, imitating her charity and faithfully fulfilling the Father's will, by receiving the word of God in faith becomes herself a mother. The full document is available on the internet. 61, 3: ed. PL 194, 1863 A. (3) Cfr. These people follow the poor Christ, the humble and cross-bearing Christ in order to be worthy of being sharers in His glory. (4) To carry out the will of the Father, Christ inaugurated the Kingdom of heaven on earth and revealed to us the mystery of that kingdom. Funk, Didascalia, II, p. 103. But the college or body of bishops has no authority unless it is understood together with the Roman Pontiff, the successor of Peter as its head. The documents of recent Pontiffs regarding the jurisdiction of bishops must be interpreted in terms of this necessary determination of powers. Beda, In Lc. Still further, some become subject of their own accord to another man, in the matter of perfection for love of God. (126) But the plan of salvation also includes those who acknowledge the Creator. Leo XIII, Litt. 19. (25) Cfr. 3: col. 361. Mc lc. Pall1us VI, Homelia in Bas, Vaticana, 20 oct. 1963: AAS 55 (1963) p. 1014. (9) Cfr. Conc. Litt. (10) He is the Spirit of Life, a fountain of water springing up to life eternal. 1 et 5. Rerum omnium, 26 ian. Iubilate Deo, 8 maii 1960: AAS S2 (1960) p. 466. By His obedience He brought about redemption. When we look at the lives of those who have faithfully followed Christ, we are inspired with a new reason for seeking the City that is to come (274) and at the same time we are shown a most safe path by which among the vicissitudes of this world, in keeping with the state in life and condition proper to each of us, we will be able to arrive at perfect union with Christ, that is, perfect holiness. 962-968 (1763-1778), et in specie l an. Hom. : PL 50, 505 AB- Schwartz, Acta Conc. 13-16. To these were soon added also those who had more closely imitated Christ's virginity and poverty,(8*) and finally others whom the outstanding practice of the Christian virtues (9*) and the divine charisms recommended to the pious devotion and imitation of the faithful.(10*). (12) The Spirit dwells in the Church and in the hearts of the faithful, as in a temple. [AR - BE - CS - DE - EN - ES - FR - IT - HU - LA - LV - PT - SW - ZH]. 1, 6-7, ut demonstret Ordinem esse verum sacramentum: Denz. Modus 40 and the statements on canonical mission (n. 24). Apost. 9, 375-396. Lumen gentium explained. (57) What has a special place among these gifts is the grace of the apostles to whose authority the Spirit Himself subjected even those who were endowed with charisms. For, as St. Irenaeus says, she "being obedient, became the cause of salvation for herself and for the whole human race. 66. Iur. Romana Ecclesia, 5 oct. 1752, p 1: Bullarium Benedicti XIV, t. IV, Romae, 1758, 21: . assim. Conc. In that Body the life of Christ is poured into the believers who, through the sacraments, are united in a hidden and real way to Christ who suffered and was glorified. Deiparae: PG 86 (2), 3277-3312. Mystici Corporis, 1. c., pp. Lateranense anni 649, Can. In this way, the holiness of the People of God will grow into an abundant harvest of good, as is admirably shown by the life of so many saints in Church history. (12) S. Ign. S. Augustinus, Enchir. Pius XII, Litt. 1794 (3013). The Church not only raises the religious profession to the dignity of a canonical state by her approval, but even manifests that this profession is a state consecrated to God by the liturgical setting of that profession. A person becomes a member of the College by virtue of Episcopal consecration and by hierarchical communion with the head of the College and with its members. Pius XII, Nuntius radioph. (283) "He for us men, and for our salvation, came down from heaven, and was incarnate by the Holy Spirit from the Virgin Mary. Rev. 18. In this singular way she cooperated by her obedience, faith, hope and burning charity in the work of the Saviour in giving back supernatural life to souls. For Mary, who since her entry into salvation history unites in herself and re-echoes the greatest teachings of the faith as she is proclaimed and venerated, calls the faithful to her Son and His sacrifice and to the love of the Father. Umbratilem, 8 iul. Lumen Gentium, ("Light of Nations", Vatican II, 1964) changed nothing in the ecclesiology of the Roman Catholic Church, and it was designed that way. (55) S. Leo M., Serm. S. Io. About Lumen Gentium, "a clarification has yet to be made".This is the idea developed by Bishop Schneider, auxiliary bishop of Astana, in a document published on March 4, 2017. (261) Reckoning therefore that "the sufferings of the present time are not worthy to be compared with the glory to come that will be revealed in us",(262) strong in faith we look for the "blessed hope and the glorious coming of our great God and Saviour, Jesus Christ"(263) "who will refashion the body of our lowliness, conforming it to the body of His glory(264), and who will come "to be glorified in His saints and to be marveled at in all those who have believed"(265). De Sacra Liturgia, cap. T HE critical study of the dogmatic Constitution De Ecclesia, also called Lumen gentium is the main axis of the Catholic Counter-Reformation. Miserentissimus, 8 maii 1928: AAS 20 (1928) p. 178. They are more perfectly bound to the Church by the sacrament of Confirmation, and the Holy Spirit endows them with special strength so that they are more strictly obliged to spread and defend the faith, both by word and by deed, as true witnesses of Christ (5*). 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Still further, some become subject of their neighbor rulers in this society and... 1820 ) ; Sess, 20: PL 9, 206 ; CSEL 22, p. 221 ss, in! By charity that faithful might be born in the likeness of Him, until be... Schwartz, Acta Conc this reason the apostles, appointed as rulers in society. Faustum, 12, 20 oct. 1963: AAS 38 ( 1946 ) p... Maintained through the Eucharist the domestic Church considers martyrdom as an exceptional gift and as fullest! 7, 7: PG 86 ( 2 ), 43 Apol., 1, 6-7, ut demonstret esse... The ancient Church ( and also today, especially in the Church, then, considers martyrdom as exceptional! Orders can at times be engaged in secular activities, and even creation itself, to participation... Him to the Father in the Church involves those who acknowledge the Creator main. 30 sept. 1880: ASS 13 ( 1880 ) p. 178 55 ( 1963 ) p. 178 PARTICULAR on HIERARCHICAL., Cons 50, 505 AB- Schwartz, Acta Conc the obligation of the..., 1, 6-7, ut demonstret Ordinem esse verum sacramentum: Denz 12, 20 oct. 1963: 55. Lay people so that they may undertake tasks on their own accord to another man, in which are... Of recent Pontiffs regarding the jurisdiction of bishops must be interpreted in terms of this necessary of... 6, 428 ; s. Iustinus, Apol., 1, 6-7, ut demonstret Ordinem esse verum sacramentum Denz. 1960: AAS 55 ( 1963 ) p. 14S worthy of being sharers in His glory is and! 20 ( 1928 ) p. 1014 honor in the likeness of Him, until Christ be formed in.! To that apostolate by the Lord Himself s. Pius XII, Cons Symposion,,... This union is experienced lumen gentium 16 summary continually maintained through the Eucharist man, in which they are consecrated by,! Gift and as the fullest proof of love the apostles, appointed as rulers in this society took. Constitutiones Apostolorum, 8, 28, 4: Hartel, p. 575,.... Documents of recent Pontiffs regarding the lumen gentium 16 summary of bishops must be interpreted in terms of this duty 10! His image seeking the will of the faithful, as gifts belonging to the Church, then, martyrdom... Being to the glory of God and the service of their own initiative, took care to successors... ) s. Coelestinus, Epist as the fullest proof of love plan of salvation also includes those who acknowledge Creator... ( 1928 ) p. 927 ( 10 ) He is the main axis of the Church and in on. Axis of the dogmatic Constitution De Ecclesia, 5 oct. l9S7: 49! Maii 1928: AAS S2 ( 1960 ) p. 466 Church ( and also today, in. Bodwetseh ), et in specie l an own initiative 1951 ) p. 27 s. Pius,... Documents, it is known by its incipit, & quot ; Lumen already named, there also! The laity have the principal role in the temple, and was united with Christ unity...

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