Laos does not have a well-developed capital market, although government policies increasingly support the formation of capital and free flow of financial resources. Zaisan Memorial,Ulan Bator,Mongolia. Vientiane Capital is the home to the most significant . A Chinese firm's plans to build a 100-meter-high Buddha statue in low-lying Vientiane encapsulate China's outsized . If you drive into town, you might not even realize when you're actually in the city proper, as Vientiane blends seamlessly with the countryside. [46], The official and majority language is Lao, a language of the Tai-Kadai language family. [181], Association football is the most popular sport in Laos. The Lao government has been working with the International Rice Research Institute of the Philippines to collect seed samples of each of the thousands of rice varieties found in Laos. Laos (/los/ (listen)[9][d]), officially the Lao People's Democratic Republic (Lao: ), is a socialist state and the only landlocked country in Southeast Asia. This article is about the country in Southeast Asia. Subsistence agriculture still accounts for half of the GDP and provides 80% of employment. These include the Presidential Palace and the National Assembly of Laos. Between 20,000 and 62,000 Laotians died during the civil war. Choose our custom designed, flexible and unique Laos Tour Packages. [49] Due to the particularly heavy impact of cluster bombs during this war, Laos was a strong advocate of the Convention on Cluster Munitions to ban the weapons and was host to the First Meeting of States Parties to the convention in November 2010. Since the founding of the Lao PDR in 1975, very few films have been made in Laos. The International Monetary Fund ranked Laos 36th out of 42 Asian countries in 2018. Since July, 2021 the United States has shared 2,908,440 safe and effective COVID-19 vaccine doses with the people of Laos - free of cost. [141] Laos's predominantly rural[142] population makes investing in sanitation difficult. However, the latter is considered pejorative, meaning 'slave'. The mining industry of Laos has received prominent attention with foreign direct investments. [13] After a period of internal conflict, Lan Xang broke into three separate kingdoms: Luang Phrabang, Vientiane and Champasak. Foreign enterprises must report on their performance annually and submit annual financial statements to MPI. Set at the point where the Mekong and Nam Khan rivers meet, Luang Prabang stands in front of a backdrop of a magnificent hilltop temple. AFP. [169][170] In September 2017, Laos submitted Dearest Sister (Lao: ), Mattie Do's second feature film, to the 90th Academy Awards (or the Oscars) for consideration for Best Foreign Language Film, marking the country's first submission for the Oscars. [45] The Japanese attempted to force Sisavang Vong (the King of Luang Phrabang) to declare Laotian independence, but on 8 April he instead simply declared an end to Laos's status as a French protectorate. [94] Plans to resettle additional Hmong refugees in the United States were stalled by provisions of President George W. Bush's Patriot Act and Real ID Act, under which Hmong veterans of the Secret War, who fought on the side of the United States, are classified as terrorists because of their historical involvement in armed conflict. Vientiane, the capital of Laos, is the antithesis of a bustling capital like London. "Effects of AFTA on poverty: Evidence from Laos. (Lao: , pronounced Loo-ang pah-bang and also spelled Louangphrabang, is the former capital of Laos and a UNESCO World Heritage city. [46], During the First Indochina War, the Indochinese Communist Party formed the Pathet Lao independence organisation. provided 70% of the funding for a $5.9 billion, 400-km railway line between the Chinese border and the capital Vientiane, which opened for operations in December 2021. [60] The country is one of four in the opium poppy growing region known as the "Golden Triangle". The small nation is bordered by China, Myanmar, Vietnam, Thailand, and Cambodia. [13] Because of its central geographical location in Southeast Asia, the kingdom became a hub for overland trade and became wealthy economically and culturally. Energy Efficiency Retrofitting of Buildings Challenges and Methods", Diller, Anthony; Edmondson, Jerry; Luo, Yongxian (2004). Xinhua That Luang Festival celebrated in Vientiane, Laos Candlelight parade surrounding the That Luang Stupa in Lao capital Vientiane on the night of Nov. 11, 2019. . The small nation is bordered by China, Myanmar, Vietnam, Thailand, and Cambodia. In the late 19th century, Luang Prabang was ransacked by the Chinese Black Flag Army. Currently unexploded ordnance (UXO), including cluster munitions and mines, kill or maim approximately 50 Laotians every year. It has failed to qualify for the FIFA World Cup or the AFC Asian Cup, but has participated in minor competitions like the AFC Solidarity Cup and the AFF Championship. Local tradition holds that there are three seasons (rainy, cool and hot) as the latter two months of the climatologically defined dry season are noticeably hotter than the earlier four months. [47][46], The First Indochina War took place across French Indochina and eventually led to French defeat and the signing of a peace accord for Laos at the Geneva Conference of 1954. In an effort to halt the planned repatriation, the Republican-led USSenate and House of Representatives both appropriated funds for the remaining Thailand-based Hmong to be immediately resettled in the United States; Clinton, however, responded by promising a veto of the legislation. [135] The European Council on Trade and Tourism awarded the country the "World Best Tourist Destination" designation for 2013 for architecture and history.[136]. "[81] Republicans called several Congressional hearings on alleged persecution of the Hmong in Laos in an apparent attempt to generate further support for their opposition to the Hmong's repatriation to Laos. It was founded in 1563 and was prompted by fears of attacks from Burma. The nation's most important government buildings, ministries, departments and foreign embassies are located in Vientiane. [12] Its capital and largest city is Vientiane. SE Asia. [182] Its national football team is a member of the Asian Football Confederation and of the ASEAN Football Federation. 900-1300 AD - Most of Laos is subordinate to the Khmer Empire at Angkor. After talks with the UNHCR and the Thai government, Laos agreed to repatriate the 60,000 Lao refugees living in Thailand, including several thousand Hmong people. [citation needed]. At the heart of the Indochinese Peninsula, Laos is bordered by Myanmar and China to the northwest, Vietnam to the east, Cambodia to the southeast, and Thailand to the west and southwest. [84] Following threats of forcible removal by the Thai government, the United States, in a significant victory for the Hmong, agreed to accept 15,000 of the refugees in 2003. head to the ancient capital of Laos - Vientiane, soak in the countryside of Pakse, and play with mischievous dolphins in 4000 Islands. For other uses, see, , "Peace, independence, democracy, unity and prosperity", Independence and Communist rule (1953present), The State respects and protects all lawful activities of Buddhists and of followers of other religions, [and] mobilises and encourages Buddhist monks and novices as well as the priests of other religions to participate in activities that are beneficial to the country and people, Sanda Simms, ch. Some Vietnamese, Laotian Chinese[148] and Thai minorities remain, particularly in the towns, but many left after independence in the late 1940s, many of whom relocated either to Vietnam, Hong Kong, or to France. has been the most successful club with 8 titles, the highest number of championship wins. His reign is often regarded as Laos's golden age. [70] Laos was admitted into the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) in July 1997 and acceded to the World Trade Organization in 2016. You'll find yourself slowly won over by the easy charms of this evolving . It was built in 1556, when the capital was moved from Luang Prabang to Vientiene, and took 6 years to complete. "[132], The country's most widely recognised product may well be Beerlao, which in 2017 was exported to more than 20 countries worldwide. In 2017, the country sent a team for the first time to the team events at the Southeast Asian Games. Other terms are Khmu, Khamu (Kammu) or Kha as the Lao Loum refer to them to indicate their Austroasiatic language affiliation. [178] Polygamy, however, is still customary among some Hmong people. In 1990 only 8% of the rural population had access to improved sanitation. A Siamese military campaign in Laos in 1876 was described by a British observer as having been "transformed into slave-hunting raids on a large scale".[37]. Bangkok - Hanoi - Laos by Air 9 nights from $1,615*. Lan Xang became an important trade centre during Samsenthai's reign, but after his death in 1421 it collapsed into warring factions for nearly a century. [72], On 17 May 2014, Defence Minister and Deputy Prime Minister Douangchay Phichit was killed in a plane crash, along with other top ranking officials. [65] "Laos refuses to take back Thai-based Hmong refugees", Smith, Philip, Washington, D.C. (12 December 2014), Kyophilavong, Phouphet, et al. This sector has made significant contributions to the economic condition of Laos. Laos Capital City, Vientiane. Laos is the only landlocked country in Southeast Asia. The Mekong River is vital as a transportation route for cargo and passengers, a source of electricity at dams, a water supply for crops, and a home to fish . Overall, the country extends about 650 miles (1,050 km) from northwest to southeast. The city has a tropical monsoon climate, every month . English, the language of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), has become increasingly studied in recent years. "Patuxai is a war monument in the centre of Vientiane, Laos, which was built between 1957 and 1968. According to the USCommittee for Refugees, he was arrested by Lao security forces and was never seen again. ", Barclay, Adam and Shrestha, Samjhana (AprilJune 2006). In 2010, one in every 11 jobs was in the tourism sector. [163] The first feature-length film made after the monarchy was abolished is Gun Voice from the Plain of Jars, directed by Somchith Pholsena in 1983, although its release was prevented by a censorship board. He describes his experience in the Lao capital in fine detail, making the minutiae come alive. [175] Lao citizens who have criticised the government have been subjected to enforced disappearances, arbitrary arrests and torture. In their opposition of the repatriation plans, Democratic and Republican Members of Congress challenged the Clinton administration's position that the government of Laos was not systematically violating Hmong human rights. Political power is centralized in the Lao People's Revolutionary Party. The only legal political party is the Lao People's Revolutionary Party (LPRP). Vientiane is the capital and largest city in Laos. [citation needed], On 2 December 1975, after taking control of the country, the Pathet Lao government under Kaysone Phomvihane renamed the country as the Lao People's Democratic Republic and signed agreements giving Vietnam the right to station armed forces and to appoint advisers to assist in overseeing the country. Most people live in valleys of the Mekong River and its tributaries. The organisation estimates that there are 173,800 French speakers in Laos (2010 est.). As the country opens up, with an increasing number of roads and bridges being built the tourist attractions are becoming more and more accessible. Of the almost $6 billion cost for the China-Laos railway, the Chinese government will pay 70 percent. A post-independence civil war began, which saw the communist resistance, supported by the Soviet Union, fight against the monarchy that later came under influence of military regimes supported by the United States. [33], In 1637, when Sourigna Vongsa ascended the throne, Lan Xang further expanded its frontiers. [47][52] Laos was requested in 1979 by Vietnam to end relations with the People's Republic of China, leading to isolation in trade by China, the United States, and other countries. Laos Local Tour Company offers Laos tours, tailor made vacation packages travel services. [45] When Japan surrendered, some Lao nationalists (including Prince Phetsarath) declared Laotian independence, but by early-1946, French troops had reoccupied the country and conferred limited autonomy on Laos. Getty Images offers exclusive rights-ready and premium royalty-free analog, HD, and 4K video of the highest quality. . The Lao National Tourism Administration, related government agencies and the private sector are working together to realise the vision put forth in the country's National Ecotourism Strategy and Action Plan. [43] As late as 1945, the French drew up an ambitious plan to move massive Vietnamese population to three key areas, i.e., the Vientiane Plain, Savannakhet region, and the Bolaven Plateau, which was only derailed by the Japanese invasion of Indochina. Vientiane, pronounced as "Viang-chan" in Lao, has been the Laotian capital city for 453 years. [43], During World War II in Laos, Vichy France, Thailand, Imperial Japan and Free France occupied Laos. Major religion Buddhism. Bangkok (AFP) - A new $6 billion Chinese-built railway line opens in Laos this week, bringing hopes of an economic boost to the reclusive nation, but experts are questioning the benefits . Other Buddhist holy places are Wat Ong . Located on the Mekong River the city has 950,000 inhabitants. Paul Lvy, ''Histoire du Laos'', PUF, 1974. [76] As many as 200,000 Hmong went into exile in Thailand, with many ending up in the US. Vientiane is the largest city with an area of 3,920km and the most populous in Laos with a population of 562,244. [74] Their Russian-built Antonov AN 74-300 with 20 people on board crashed in Xiangkhouang Province. Laos is the only landlocked nation in Southeast Asia. Residents of the capital Vientiane are barred from leaving the city and outsiders must get permission to enter. [32], In 1520, Photisarath came to the throne and moved the capital from Luang Prabang to Vientiane to avoid a Burmese invasion. The Lao subsequently established their own kingdom named the Lan Xang in 1354. [144], The people of Laos are often categorised by their distribution by elevation: (lowlands, midlands and upper high lands) as this somewhat correlates with ethnic groupings. [155] The National University of Laos is the Lao state's public university. [113] A number of citizens, primarily women and girls from all ethnic groups and foreigners, have been victims of sex trafficking in Laos. For example, Article 8 makes it clear that Laos is a multinational state and is committed to equality between ethnic groups. In 2017, Laos suffered fiscal and monetary difficulties which resulted in low levels of foreign reserves. Giant Buddha Statue Plan Rankles Residents of Laos' Capital: Report. [133], The tourism sector has grown rapidly, from 80,000 international visitors in 1990, to 1.876million in 2010,[134] when tourism had been expected to rise to US$1.5857billion by 2020. Vientiane is located at 17.9757, 102.6331, at an elevation of 570 ft. Of the many beautiful Wats in Vientiane, a visit to Wat Sisaket is a must; built in 1818, this is one of the oldest temples in Vientiane. The Capital City of Laos (officially named Lao People's Democratic Republic) is the city of Vientiane.The population of Vientiane in the year 2007 was 6,521,998. It is a hand-woven silk skirt that can identify the woman who wears it in a variety of ways. 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