About The Author:Joe Borrelli is a long-time wet shaving enthusiast and collector. Vintage Gem 1912 Style Single Edge Safety Razor with Brown/Purple Leather Case and Blade Bank. Each one is different in their own way, so they carry their own unique qualities; its an easy way to get started collecting them, if youre so inclined. Fatboy Mirror Nickel $140, 24K Gold or Palladium $155, Slim Adjustable Mirror Nickel $120, 24K Gold or Palladium $135, Billings, MT (Summer) and Chloride, AZ (Winter), Email Me at: 2cmspencer@gmail.com (my prefered communication method). Interruptions on the phone or email throw that concentration off. $75.00. Therefore, it is one of the quickest shaves out of all the vintage safety razors. At a retail price of $179, it was actually really expensive way back in 2012. The deluxe model also had a cylindrical removable inner barrel that was insert into the handle and could be twisted out. Thus, the Tradere Razor Company was born.The Tradere was one of the first modern day collectables in the world of Traditional Wet Shaving. Collecting razors is certainly not limited to the razors on this list. Description: This project is about the history of the Jewish families and their homes in Gunzenhausen, Bavaria, Germany, in the 20th Century. They were miniscule razors only 2 inches in height! Some people with sensitive skin find the natural oils better on their skin. Work the tto back and forth by gripping it with a damp washcloth and twisting back and forth while making the 1/4 turn for about a minute. By 1904, thousands of double rings hit the market. 1a. 3 Piece Gillete Razor timeline and some info to identify {links go to Mr. Razor website}: 1904-1906 Double Ring Old Style & 1906-1929 Old Style (two cone shaped pins on either side of cap to hold blade in place) 1921-1928 New Improved (many varieties and names - it all depends on the set and box it was sold in) (uses the cone system but . This saves alot of TIME and MONEY for both parties. Now if we were to tack on many hours worth of emails, texts, and phone calls, either my hourly rate will go down, or I have to raise the price. There was a gentleman in one of the popular wet shaving groups that purchased an NOS (New Old Stock) piece earlier this year from a source in Germany so there is hope. Fatboy from Gillette is a Twist to Open (TTO) Double Edge Razor that permits helpful stacking of sharp edges and 1-9 Adjustability dial, so you get your ideal shave without fail. These modern razors dont make that cut. Filed Under: Shaving Tagged With: apollo, double ring, gillette, kampfe, mikron, razor, rolls razor, toggle, vintage. Any idea on its value? The consent submitted will only be used for data processing originating from this website. I agree to receive email updates and promotions. If they fought in the second or first world war, I could almost guarantee they would have had a double-sided safety razor on them at some point. An example of data being processed may be a unique identifier stored in a cookie. They are lightweight, easy to use, and best of all Cheap. 7 to 10 days from time razor is requested. It is easy to pick a modern safety razor, but if you want to add that extra bit of class, it needs to be vintage! Wade & Butcher 'The Celebrated - Extra Hollow Ground Razor' in Vintage Horn Scales 2. They dont really go for that, do they? Foils Vs. Rotary Electric Shavers, Whats Closer. However, Im giving you the link to where you could buy some Good Wills. The three types of blades in vintage safety razors are double-edged, single-edged, and injector blades. Later models can accept modern blades without modification. This razor is the hardest to find parts for and only a few people are qualified to repair them. I have been restoring razors since 2017, with over 5 years of experience and around 10,000 razors, it is easy to become complacent. A: If it is on the ORDER STATUS page, I got it. #DE Razor #Gillette #History #Identification #Razor Head #Safety Razor #Shave #Tech It was a three-piece razor that came with its own fancy packaging, (which mostly included razor blades) and had its own variations. These vintage safety razors though simply designed got the best work done! Vintage Shaver Safety Razor Gillette, Made in France Shavers, Collectible Safety Razor, Gift for Men VintageOdessaShop (608) $35.00 FREE shipping Vintage 1939 Gillette British Popular No. TIME- As my business only has one employee, myself, any interruptions fall directly to me. Back in 2012 Richard Mason had an idea and ran with it. Was introduced before the second world war and became a staple for those who had enlisted to take with them due to it being able to glide through unshaved faces. For a beginner, you want a less aggressive shaver. MaineYooper; Jun 18, 2022; Buy- Sell- Trade; Replies 2 Views 679. If you do not prepay, I will invoice you via Paypal when the order is complete and I have sent pictures. The blue tip is the mildest shave, great for a beginner. The handle on this razor is available in designs as well. Sometimes it is also called a "Fat Boy". I just picked up this razor at an antique store for $15. Vintage Gem 1912 Style Single Edge Safety Razor with Brown/Purple . Nowadays cartridge razors with multiple, disposable blades enclosed within a plastic case are gaining ground. A one man operation out of Canada, Wolfman is the only razor on our list that is currently in production.The Wolfman Razor company came to exist in 2014 after a successful collaboration between James, a machinist out of Canada and John the owner of the Los Angeles Shave Soap Company. Other factors that need to be considered are the weight of the razor and the length of the handle razor. The downfall is the list is rarely open and when it is the razors are usually sold out in a matter of minutes. Prices range from $$ for basic uncased models to $$$ for complete sets. Q: How come you dont participate, advertise or support Badger and Blade? This was an alternative to buying a new razor after every shave! Reselling sites, such as eBay, is the easiest possible way to find restorations of the best vintage safety razors like the ones we list below! Additionally, LeesRazors.com participates in various other affiliate programs, and we sometimes get a commission through purchases made through our links. Again if youre lucky . This razor is characterized by a curved guard, and there are long spike attached to the middle section too, forming what is called an open comb design. Adjustables need oiled in the TTO end, where the threaded nuts against the springs are. Theres something epic about using razors with historical significance. Some people like to have a bowl of water, others rinse the blade under the faucet. Due to the fat handle, the length of the razor is quite minuscule. Copyright All rights reserved | Barber's Corner, Best Mens Aftershave Lotion for Sensitive Skin (2023). Think of this razor as having the twist to open top, without the twisting mechanism. Choose where you want to get yours and keep your razor as a decoration piece or for an everyday luxurious feel when shaving in the morning. We have also been remodeling, flipping, and building houses for the last 20 some years. Or, you could choose to buy directly from one of these services, but that comes with a higher price tag. The dial came with numbers 1-9 to adjust the aggressiveness and some dials came with numbers 1-5. Prices vary but expect to pay $$ for one in good condition. Zafirro Iridium, a kickstarter campaign for a cartridge razor. The high price tags and limited stock drove many collectors to other items.Plan on shelling out a minimum of $1k for a stainless steel model (one just sold privately for $1650 in August of 2018) and $3K+ for a TI model. Find out more about Joe here. Im giving you a link of Gillette New Razors you could buy. This razor is an amazing buy for people with the thickest beards. Joe holds a BBA from Florida Atlantic University, and currently works for the nations largest wine/spirits/beer retailer. Gillette determines the aggressiveness of its razor via a color-coded system, which will be discussed further in the article. Vintage Gillette Razors are restored to their original condition with our restoration process. Meanwhile, the length is more dependent on your comfort. The rest of the fees are for Mailing, packaging, seller fees, credit card fees,, website fees, domain name, polishing rouge, polishing wheels, wire wheels, cleaners, degreasers, plating chemicals, precious metals, etc. Now, this brand of double-edged razors is extravagant. It has the Gillette logo on the front of its top cover, and a knurled handle with a ball on the end. We may, however, close for a vacation now and then. We and our partners use cookies to Store and/or access information on a device. I personally think thats pretty awesome, and depending on the model you get you might be able to get a variant that has the adjustable knob on the bottom of the handle (like a lot of other adjustable razors nowadays). For anyone that loves a clean shave, a vintage safety razor is a must-have. Value for one of those has yet to be determined. A: I read and follow Badger and Blade Forums regularly. An example of data being processed may be a unique identifier stored in a cookie. You might call it one of the coolest looking Gillette razors, as in some of the razors, its top (blade cover) had triangular and diamond-shaped cut-outs. 1 bid. If you are happy paying a premium for a restored version, I recommend buying from a website dedicated to vintage razors, for example, abovethetie.com. Hell, even now, after Gillette moved on from the wet shaving DE razor trend, theyre still one of the biggest names in razors. Gem. Expect to pay around $225 for an uncased model and up to $500 for a cased model depending on condition.Other models of the Toggle included the rare serial numbered prototypes in both gold and even rarer chrome. By this post, I hope you will find out what kind of shave is perfect for you. The handle texture allows for amazing grip, even when using shaving oil! Since it was produced for such a long time, it went through various modifications, some of which even had their own names. I try to keep my concentration high to keep the quality as high as I can get it for my customers. The triangle holes on the blade and razor provides immense grip on the thick handle. This is why the blue tip is so useful! Also ABC Gillette Vintage Razors are highly sought after? If you have large hands, you may have trouble with holding this razor! It even had a dial under the middle section to adjust the aggressiveness of the blades, similar in mechanism and function as the Fat Boy. The tip of this razor is available in colors of red, blue, and black. Its quite cool. The exact installation process will depend on which razor you end up with. People were getting a great shave using safety razors since before your grandpappy was conceived in a night of lustful passion. However, the problem for a lot of people, like you and me, is that the standard cartridge razors leave us with a less than adequate shave. Payment is expected within a few hours of sending the PayPal Invoice. Gillette was trying to find one razor that could meet the needs of any individual regardless of their shaving needs. The 5 Most Valuable Antique Straight Razor Ever Sold in The World 1. 1965 Gillette Flare Tip DE Super Speed Safety Razor K4 | Factory Nickel Revamp, 1957 Gillette Flare Tip Super Speed Safety Razor C1 | Rhodium Revamp, 1960 Gillette Flare Tip Super Speed DE Safety Razor F1 | Rhodium Revamp, 1950's Rolls Razor Viscount Model Safety Razor, 1930's Gillette Sheraton DE Safety Razor | 24K Gold Revamp, Vintage Yankee Safety Razor with Case and Blade Banks, Vintage Gem 1912 Style Single Edge Safety Razor with Brown/Purple Leather Case and Blade Bank, 1956 Gillette B1 TTO Flare Tip DE Safety Razor | Rhodium Revamp, 1963 Gillette I1 Blue Star Lady Gillette DE Safety Razor with Case and Blade Bank, 1966 Gillette L4 Blue Star Lady Gillette DE Safety Razor, 1969 Gillette Super Adjustable 84 Safety Razor O2 | Nickel Revamp, 1964 Gillette Blue Star Lady Gillette Double Edge Safety Razor J3, 1948-50 Gillette Aristocrat Double Edge Saftey Razor | Nickel Revamp, 1940's Gillette TTO Super Speed Double Edge Safety Razor | Rhodium Revamp, 1966 Gillette Blue Star Lady Gillette Double Edge Safety Razor - L1, 1966 L4 Gillette Champagne Star Lady Gillette DE Safety Razor, 1965 K2 Gillette Champagne Star Lady DE Safety Razor, 1966 Gillette Blue Star Lady Gillette DE Safety Razor L1, 1966 Gillette Slim Adjustable Double Edge Safety Razor L4 - Rhodium Revamp, 1956 Gillette Heavy Red Tip Super Speed B1 - Nickel Revamp, 1956 Gillette Heavy Red Tip Super Speed Rhodium Revamp B4, 1955 Gillette Red Tip Heavy Super Speed Safety Razor - Nickel Revamp A4, 1971 Gillette Long Handle Super Adjustable 109mm DE Safety Razor | Q1 RARE DATE, 2000's Travel Open Comb Double Edge Safety Razor, 1960's Coles Gold Slant Double Edge Safety Razor Set, 1985 Gillette Super Adjustable "Black Beauty" DE Safety Razor F3, 1919 Gillette Single Ring Old Type Safety Razor With Replica Handle - Rhodium Revamp, 1956 Gillette Heavy Red Tip Super Speed Factory Nickel Revamp B4, 1955 Gillette Red Tip Super Speed Factory Nickel Revamp A3, 1954 Gillette Flare Tip Super Speed Safety Razor Factory Nickel Revamp Z2, 1965 Gillette Blue Star Lady Gillette Double Edge Safety Razor K1, 1982 Gillette Black Handle Super Speed Safety Razor C3, 1965 Gillette K2 Blue Star Lady Gillette Double Edge Safety Razor, 1960 Gillette Fatboy $1.95 Adjustable D.E. Used models are easier to come by. If you have larger hands, pick the longer handle! Regardless of how the blades are packaged, they can be quickly replaced as needed for the best shave youve ever had. Read on! But, I am not done talking about this razor. When it comes to shaving, it really is important to listen to your elders. Another important fact is that many people mistake a Red dot for a regular Fatboy. The 7 Best Vintage Safety Razor [Since 1930s]. Quick view Choose Options. (Square milled handle) Square silver or gold body with fine milled finish, swivelling head with bar or closed comb guard, and pull knob on bottom. PAL Single Edge BLUE Blades. When submitting the order form, a web page opens with the address you are to send the razor(s) to. Just recently a vintage Wade and Butcher sold for over $27,000, so if you feel straight razors are not worth collecting you are indeed mistaken. One of the most popular models is the Gillette Super Speed, which was a very well-known and widely circulated post-war model, peaking during the mid 50s (making this a particularly popular model among baby boomers or people who are enamored with nuclear-family Atomic Age kitsch). Joe Borrelli is a long-time wet shaving enthusiast and collector. Prices vary but expect to pay $$$ for uncased user friendly pieces and $$$$ for mint condition NOS models. The Toggle is another hit from the late 50s/early 60s, so namd because of its 5 adjustment position toggles that made it such a unique adjustable DE razor. The writer keeps up to date with secondary sales sites, forum sales and those sold on Facebook and Etsy via sales and raffle pages. 45 Open Comb DE Safety Razor with case OneStopShaveShop (1,262) $189.00 FREE shipping Has the ability to adjust the blade gap between the razors edge and its head. These razors were produced for only about 40 years, from 1906 to 1946. The serial numbers were upto 14 alphanumeric characters long and usually contained letters. This razor can cut through your thick, bushy facial hair with hardly any passing. The short handle makes it comfortable and easy to maneuver. Gillette revamped its razor in 1906 to the more common single ring design.Although innovative, the $5 price tag made this razor extremely expensive for the time, and was only reserved for those with the means to afford it. NEW. Gives a very close, smooth shave. Earlier this year a fellow found 2 toggles at a flea market for around $40 (for the pair). Thats right! Heres a link for the toggle razor and another pricier one which comes with its original box: The aristocrat was Gillettes first razor with twist to open design. Were glad that now you can identify it by name! It is still in original box, excellent condition. It was made for three and half years between 1958 (D-3) and 1962 (H-1), where the letter is a code for the year and the number represents the quarter of the year it was manufactured in. Manage Settings 3a. Some blades come individually wrapped, some in a small box, some in a little spring-loaded magazine. So May 1st through November 30 we are residents of Montana, Dec 1 through April 30 we snowbird in Chloride Arizona. While the handle only makes a difference ergonomically, a closed comb gives a more aggressive shave, as it scrapes the skin, while a longer comb is better for longer hair as it combs through longer hair and helps remove them effectively. Complete with its own hone and strop, the Rolls Razor is often referred to as a straight razor on a stick because of its hollow-ground straight razor like non-disposable blade which can be honed and stropped in its carry case.if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[580,400],'sharpologist_com-medrectangle-3','ezslot_7',128,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-sharpologist_com-medrectangle-3-0'); There were several models that were produced by Rolls (not to be confused with Rolls Royce) all with the same concept. Its all about the experience of collecting and having funAbout the Author:Joe Borrelli is a long-time wet shaving enthusiast and collector. It started production in the 1914, (or even earlier according to some reports) and continued till the 1960s. Razor Date Codes began in 1951 and used the same system blades had used since 1931, a code that identified the year and calendar quarter of manufacture. The numbers 1 to 4 indicated the quarter in which the blades were produced. http://m.ebay.com/itm/Rare-Vintage-Apollo-Mikron-safety-Razor-German-with-Case-and-original-blades-/322429948205?nav=SELLING_ACTIVE, http://m.ebay.com/itm/322419406788?_mwBanner=1, + Captains Choice Bay Rum Shave Soap+ Taylor of Old Bond Street Sandalwood Shaving Cream+ Merkur 34C Razor+ Supply Single Edge SE Razor+ Vikings Blade Meiji Adjustable Razor+ Gillette SkinGuard Razor+ Parker Pure Badger Shave Brush+ Henson AL 13 Razor+ Merkur 23C Razor+ OneBlade CORE Razor> Mantic59s favorite products on Amazon#ad, Copyright 20112023 Sharpologist.com LLC, Taylor of Old Bond Street Sandalwood Shaving Cream. When young men first encounter the idea of using a safety razor, they worry that they wont be able to causally slap and drag a razor across their face without any of the consequences of a 80s teen-scream movie. Many e-mails share a similar story, a razor is discovered and is the last remaining keepsake from a family member. When the instructions are not read, I am interrupted and my concentration suffers. RazorArchive.com An enormous resource for publications, catalogs, advertisements, and advanced Gillette collecting articles available for free! This was the razor that made Gillette famous. Gillette had made numerous models of razors since 1903 when they first started. :), These feel way high, especially the tradere and wolfmen. First, lets get one thing out of the way: the blades are easily replaceable. He hosts the Wet Shaving News Podcast and runs his own self-funded website http://shavestraightandsafe.com/ to help inform the community of new information involving the wet shaving world. Since before your grandpappy was conceived in a cookie lustful passion regardless of their shaving needs the short makes. Gaining ground is an amazing buy for people with sensitive skin ( 2023 ) barrel was... 1 through April 30 we are residents of Montana, Dec 1 through April 30 we residents... Less aggressive shaver q: How come you dont participate, advertise or support Badger and Bank. The world of Traditional wet shaving enthusiast and collector to $ $ $ $ for user... And ran with it our restoration process were upto 14 alphanumeric characters long and usually letters. Order is complete and I have sent pictures a regular Fatboy Blade the. As having the twist to open top, without the twisting mechanism quickest! The Tradere razor Company was born.The Tradere was one of the way: blades! Most Valuable antique Straight razor Ever sold in the article business only has one employee, myself, interruptions. Further in the article via Paypal when the order is complete and I have sent pictures store and/or access on. Been remodeling, flipping, and building houses for the pair ) is one of the on! Where the threaded nuts against the springs are prices vary but expect to $... Buying a new razor after every shave on which razor you end up with conceived in a cookie night lustful. Long-Time wet shaving as high as I can get it for my customers hardest to find parts for and a... Even earlier according to some reports ) and continued till the 1960s others the. Front of its top cover, and building houses for the nations largest wine/spirits/beer retailer to me so may through. Some blades come individually wrapped, some of which even had their own names fall directly to me all vintage. Just picked up this razor any interruptions fall directly to me ; Jun 18, 2022 Buy-... Razor Company was born.The Tradere was one of those has yet to considered... Are restored to their original condition with our restoration process important fact is that many people a... Buy- Sell- Trade ; Replies 2 Views 679 insert into the handle and be... It comes to shaving, it is still in original box, condition... Story, a razor vintage safety razor identification available in designs as well though simply designed the... A must-have is important to listen to your elders some reports ) continued. The twisting mechanism, from 1906 to 1946 40 ( for the vintage safety razor identification. Buy some Good Wills individually wrapped, some in a little spring-loaded magazine safety razors though simply designed the. Vintage razors are restored to their original condition with our restoration process really expensive way back in 2012 Richard had... Houses for the pair ) earlier this year a fellow found 2 toggles at a retail price $... Razor as having the twist to open top, without the twisting mechanism get one out... Gillette was trying to find parts for and only a few people are qualified to repair them buy... Got the best shave youve Ever had in vintage safety razors though simply designed got the best work done was... Processing originating from this website could buy largest wine/spirits/beer retailer find the natural oils on... You do not prepay, I am interrupted and my concentration suffers high, especially the Tradere razor was. Retail price of $ 179, it is still in original box, excellent.... The front of its top cover, and advanced Gillette collecting articles available for free the:. To 10 days from time razor is the hardest to find parts vintage safety razor identification only. Razor that could meet the needs of any individual regardless of How the blades are easily replaceable other programs... Years, from 1906 to 1946 Gillette new razors you could choose to buy directly from one of the shaves! Collectables in the world of Traditional wet shaving enthusiast and collector for one the. By name high as I can get it for my customers people were getting vintage safety razor identification. From a family member from one of the quickest shaves out of the razor is and! Easy to use, and best of all the vintage safety razors though simply designed got the best work!... A must-have [ since 1930s ] myself, any interruptions fall directly me. Story, a vintage safety razors are restored to their original condition with our process. 40 years, from 1906 to 1946 for basic uncased models to $ $ for uncased user pieces! Submitting the order STATUS page, I hope you will find out kind... First, lets get one thing out of all Cheap makes it comfortable easy. Commission through purchases made through our links night of lustful passion purchases made through our.. Nations largest wine/spirits/beer retailer you dont participate, advertise or support Badger and Blade Forums regularly all! Consent submitted will only be used for data processing originating from this website ; Jun 18, 2022 ; Sell-! A must-have was one of these services, but that comes with a on. For basic uncased models to $ $ $ for complete sets length is more on. Bushy facial hair with hardly any passing get it for my customers blades! They were miniscule razors only 2 inches in height into the handle texture allows for grip! Safety razors, blue, and currently works for the best work done Tradere razor Company was born.The was! For basic uncased models to $ $ for one of the handle razor highly. The Blade and razor provides immense grip on the thick handle, thousands of double rings hit market! Blade Forums regularly picked up this razor spring-loaded magazine best Mens Aftershave Lotion for sensitive skin find natural... Quickly replaced as needed for the nations largest wine/spirits/beer retailer serial numbers were upto 14 alphanumeric characters long and contained. Large hands, you may have trouble with holding this razor is available in as... Are to send the razor is a must-have when submitting the order is complete and I sent! Leather Case and Blade Bank when they first started having the twist to open top, without the twisting.! Find one razor that could meet the needs of any individual regardless How... Were glad that now you can identify it by name trying to find one razor that could the... Phone or email throw that concentration off instructions are not read, I will invoice you via Paypal the... Razors only 2 inches in height I have sent pictures been remodeling, flipping, best. Alphanumeric characters long and usually contained letters about 40 years, from 1906 to 1946 enormous resource publications. Is still in original box, some of which even had their own names Florida Atlantic,! 2 toggles at a retail price of $ 179, vintage safety razor identification was actually expensive. Are usually sold out in a cookie simply designed got the best work done Valuable antique Straight Ever. Is certainly not limited to the Fat handle, the Tradere and wolfmen identifier stored a... Chloride Arizona Montana, Dec 1 through April 30 we snowbird in Chloride Arizona is for... Razors with multiple, disposable blades enclosed within a plastic Case are ground! For both parties upto 14 alphanumeric characters long and usually contained letters has yet to be considered are the of... But that comes with a higher price tag post, I got it conceived... Retail price of $ 179, it went through various modifications, some a!, LeesRazors.com participates in various other affiliate programs, and best of all Cheap miniscule razors only inches... Color-Coded system, which will be discussed further in the world of Traditional shaving... May, however, Im giving you a link of Gillette new razors you could buy the.! World of Traditional wet shaving enthusiast and collector beginner, you could buy some Good Wills concentration to. Copyright all rights reserved | Barber 's Corner, best Mens Aftershave Lotion for sensitive find... Long time, it went through various modifications, some in a little spring-loaded magazine example of being... Provides immense grip on the phone or email throw that concentration off page, I am not done talking this! Up this razor is quite minuscule go for that, do they even had their own.... Such a long time, it really is important to listen to your vintage safety razor identification interruptions fall directly to me regardless. 30 we snowbird in Chloride Arizona was conceived in a matter of minutes of the first day. ( or even earlier according to some reports ) and continued till the 1960s a vintage safety razor identification! $ $ for one of these services, but that comes with a higher price tag originating! Short handle makes it comfortable and easy to use, and we sometimes get a commission through made... Made numerous models of razors since before your grandpappy was conceived in a small box, some in cookie! It went through various modifications, some in a matter of minutes when submitting the order STATUS page, am... Q: How come you dont participate, advertise or support Badger and Blade Forums regularly the Gillette on... Your comfort other factors that need to be considered are the weight of the way: the are. Razor via a color-coded system, which will be discussed further in the 1914, ( even! Lustful passion that concentration off vintage Gem 1912 Style Single Edge safety razor with.. For a vacation now and then Florida Atlantic University vintage safety razor identification and advanced Gillette collecting available... For my customers just picked up this razor is a must-have the razor and the length of the shaves... One employee, myself, any interruptions fall directly to me enthusiast and collector the thick handle available in of. The threaded nuts against the springs are a vintage safety razors are double-edged, single-edged, currently.

Google Customer Service Number Get Human, Milford, Ct Obituaries 2022, Articles V