Anyone that wants an official ruling should contact their local Building Department for such a determination. When calculating the net area of a classroom with built in casework along the rooms perimeter, should the casework be excluded in order to obtain the net sf? For the purposes of determining the occupant load, that conference room has an assembly use. If the prevailing code was a recent edition of the IBC, this load would trigger the requirement for panic hardware (as well as two exits and outswinging doors). Factors are based on either gross or net floor area. I was wondering when do we use the gross floor area for calculation and when do we use the net floor area? Calculations Salon (measure entire area used) o 60 ft. by 25 ft. = 1,500 sq. occupant load factor of 50 (net) and the book stack areas 100 (gross). To calculate your maximum occupants number, you need to determine how many square feet each of these areas is. is the occupant load the max number of people that can be in the space or can we have more. The Building Official is permitted to approve an increased occupant load provided that all other requirements of the code are met based on the modified number. Since we have approximately 1500 sq ft of storage and 2500 of fixed equipment, and 500 feet of office, would our occupancy load be 100 (50 sq ft gross) or 50 (off 750 net sq footage due to equipment and storage space)? To calculate the occupant load, the first step is to calculate the area of the space in question by multiplying the length times the width - typically measured within the interior faces of the walls. 1004.2 Increased occupant load. Thats something you need to take up with your local code official probably the fire marshal. The code recognizes this and has 2 factors to use. Bathrooms, closets, electrical/mechanical rooms, and other nonoccupiable spaces are not subtracted from the gross floor area. Keep in mind this approach simply sets the stage for the consideration of other factors and is not necessarily a firm and final maximum occupancy. Note: Calculations with a fractional sum are rounded down. Would 1 restroom meet code in this case because of the occupant load under 15? How does one calculate the increased occupancy load? The dining area has three exits, often blocked by parked walkers. In order to calculate the occupant load within an area of a building correctly, the code establishes two methods: (1) Areas without Fixed Seating (Section 1004.1.2), (2) Areas with Fixed Seating (Section 1004.4). Several examples are provided below to illustrate bathing load calculations for different pool configurations. Is Amazon actually giving you a competitive price? A public dining room has a posted maximum occupancy of 216. If I calculated the occupant load of a room at 49.2 people, I would round up to 50 even though it would require a second exit and possibly panic hardware. This is a way to ensure the maximum approved occupant load will not be exceeded by the building users. Or if two rooms empty into a corridor, the door(s) serving the corridor would have to accommodate the load of both rooms. If you know how many persons is going to use the room then you can compute the area of the room. The equation isn't as simple as +Occupancy Rate = +Rental Income. If such a change is made, it should be documented and justified, as well as understood that such consideration can impact the use of the building related to egress and other features addressed in the code. ?9?q~:2n(/a8reZ/Q%/7m-P|Wx=[|~u>uUlT3Un.y*/m&/[]AEG:kz=]O.&jkbmE8WAMG,HsGbGxW2i_]u%v>Uet!N7*JznE~J720j7gen$VEAn80)R/6H/dDZ\'7.=zXF&97UHPga$E' ?a(zH-IO|au_^O3h7UG&z]5N6$'3J;fNFcGFd20w0, +)c(1Q*Xp&MWn6$d(W-X.%P[>1$tA5*pu]+hBmc{JC;ft~6p3uUAha-2jmdU7G/I:*[O3QfQLZ6[~jWKes|[5{x4VlM Try typing in your numbers in their respective fields, and our calculator will do the work for you! National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) 2022, The value of Standards Development Organizations, Alternative Fuel Vehicles Safety Training, Certification for Electrical Safety in the Workplace, Safety in living and entertainment spaces, Apply the occupant load factor to the space. For example, if a classroom measures 30 feet by 40 feet, the nominal area is 1,200 square feet (30 x 40 = 1200 SF). We have an exit door in the auditorium in the from left of platform and an exit double door, with push panic exit bars, to the rear of the facility. }l'w . Posted signs shall be of an approved legible permanent design and shall be maintained by the owner or the owners authorized agent. I would recommend checking with the building inspector on this one. Occupant loads for multipurpose rooms should be posted for each approved use, such as tables and chairs, theater seating, dancing, and so on. But I have not heard of the it might be raining method of calculating the occupant load. Disclamer: How could that be safe during a fire? Although this exception is there it is best to understand its intent. Just what goes into determining the maximum occupancy of a room? There may be some other regulations that would impact how much space you have to allow per occupant. Im re-purposing an antique barn in southern NH for use as an event venue (wedding receptions, etc.). The elevation of the floor surfaces on both sides of the door complies with Section 1008.1.5 1001.6 Special egress requirements by occupancy. To learn how to do this, we must first understand the Occupant Load Factor Table (Table 1004.1.2). If you have a circular pool, measure the diameter and take half that measurement, which is the radius (r). My county uses the 2006 IBC. The occupancy load is calculated by dividing the area of a room by its prescribed unit of area per person. There are some conditions that the code establishes for such a case. The room is classified a Group-B Assembly. [101: 7.3.1.1.1] Therefore, Egress Capacity Occupant Load If you are following the IBC, the minimum number of exits per story is: 1-500 occupants 2 exits When an occupant load factor is based on the net floor area, the calculation is based on the actual occupied area. Therefore, you can have a Group B, higher education/college building that has classrooms that have occupant loads calculated at 20 sf/p. Florida Standard for Passive Radon-Resistant Construction, Appendix C Florida Standard for Mitigation of Radon in Existing Buildings, Appendix E Florida Standard for Radon-Resistant New Commercial Construction, Appendix L Earthquake Recording Instrumentation, Appendix M Tsunami-Generated Flood Hazard, The provisions of this chapter shall control the classification of all buildings and structures as to, A building or tenant space used for assembly purposes with an, The following rooms and spaces shall not be classified as Assembly, A room or space used for assembly purposes that is associated with a, Accessory religious educational rooms and religious auditoriums with, Public and private colleges and universities shall comply with, Religious educational rooms and religious auditoriums, which are accessory to, This group includes buildings and structures or portions thereof occupied by more than five children older than 2, NL = Not Limited; NA = Not Applicable; UD =. Can you tell me how I find out if Im required to post the total occupancy load for a 24/7 veterinary hospital? December 15, 2022 by Celeste Yarnall. If it is proposed to change a buildings use to an assembly but the calculated occupant load would require the building to be sprinklered, can the building be assigned a lower occupant number and it allowed to be used without a sprinkler system. https://www1.nyc.gov/assets/buildings/apps/pdf_viewer/viewer.html?file=2014CC_BC_Chapte_10_Means_of_Egress.pdf§ion=conscode_2014. I need to look at whichever existing building code the jurisdiction is using. Equipment and counter space takes up about 180 sq ft(820 sq ft net). The 2018 IBC has changed the table reference to 1004.5. G ^"sGdVqT7JWRkIAQh9xg~;t]rCU/_u{ =yT3h09Y;zT]#r]W&o(L1%1B-NQ;WUjN08gRVFz}zy4' qN@2b#Cv The NFPA states that fires in assembly occupancies have shown to be some of the most deadly when the proper features, systems and construction materials were not present. For instance, in the 2003 Station Night Club fire in West Warwick, Rhode Island, which killed 100 people in just over five minutes. P.S. The final maximum occupancy ordered by the fire marshal will include all these types of considerations, making sure there is never too many people in the room that getting out of the space in an emergency would prove impossible. According to the IBC, if this is a business occupancy and the room is on the 1st floor, you dont need a second exit unless the occupant load exceeds 49 people or the common path of travel exceeds 75 feet. Im not sure what the occupant load factor would be? Is occupant load related to minimum area sq ft? A different number of fixtures for males or females. 72 in medical facilities with gurney's. If I have a dining arrangement with tables and chairs, do I need to deduct the square footage of the dining tables to determine the net available square footage or would I just deduct any staging and other things (not the dining table/chairs) to determine the net available square footage? Instead, the calculated occupant load is actually the minimum number of expected occupants. We have 10 movable chairs and a picnic table for seating. To calculate the occupant load for an area with fixed seating, the code says that the occupant load shall be determined by the number of fixed seats installed within the area or space. Occupancy load refers to the number of people permitted in a building at one time based on the buildings floor space and function. For simplicity, this post will reference the Table within the 2015 IBC.). It can be difficult to estimate how many people are going to use a space within a building so most model codes that address egress design will provide requirements for how to estimate this number. The gross floor area shall not include shafts with no openings or interior courts.. Because its a gross factor (not a net factor), you use the whole square footage without subtracting for the equipment. The floor area of a building, or portion thereof, not provided with surrounding exterior walls shall be the usable area under the horizontal projection of the roof or floor above. Code article 3.1.17.1 is discussed.Occupant load calculations are u. lori.greene@allegion.com. This calculator is intended for educational purposes only. Situation: an exam room used by a consulting clinician, but not sure if the clinician + one patient & one family member would be too crowded (total 3 people) is adequate space for Texas occupancy standards? According to the International Building Code (IBC) standing space is calculated using an occupant load factor of 5 net square feet per person. Theres also a link to the San Francisco fire code on the SF-Fire page: http://sf-fire.org/division-fire-prevention-and-investigation. The maximum area of 7 square feet (0.65 m2) per occupant should allow for sufficient occupant movement in actual fire situations. Hi Lori, I have seen places where the actual percentage was quite lopsided in one way or the other. For example, if a classroom measures 30 feet by 40 feet, the nominal area is 1,200 square feet (30 x 40 = 1200 SF). When you divide the area of the space by this factor, you will find the occupant load of the space. Wow, this is a tremendously helpful article, I wish it had been written about five years ago when I needed it! The remaining surface area of the pool is 1500. I would just explain the situation to them and find out what the procedure would be to request their approval. Exercise rooms are supposed to be 50 Gross, however Assembly is listed as 15 net. Using the net square footage, our local fire dept has determined the max occupancy to be 140 people based upon the 15 sq ft/person LS code requirement with tables and chairs. Is the sign present? <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 612 792] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> All There are a number of factors that go into determining the maximum occupancy of the space. Get the code. That is the logical and true answer. Remember I am not the AHJthis is just my opinion/interpretation. For example, you should exclude the area used for permanent building components, such as shafts, fixed equipment, corridors, stairways, toilet rooms, mechanical rooms, and closets. It may not display this or other websites correctly. Liquor stores and distributors without bulk storage. Would this calculation work in NYC? JavaScript is disabled. This can be somewhat harder to understand but for simplicity the gross floor area would include the area of all occupiable and nonoccupiable spaces. 36 in residential. According to the 2015 International Building Code, the occupant load factor for a business occupancy is 100 square feet per person so the calculated occupant load of that space is far less than 9. The means of egress system for a building or structure provides a way of travel for occupants to escape while avoiding a fire. Knowing how to determine the total occupant load of a building is an integral part in determining if the building meets that basic concept. If you have an open art center and want to add fixed seating to a portion of it, I would add the number of seats to the calculated occupant load of the rest of the space, and then make sure you have enough doors to accommodate that occupant load. It may also include exterior covered spaces that are part of the building's occupiable space. Emergencies can require the immediate evacuation of a building, particularly in the event of a fire. Can I get a second opinion? More than 1,000 exits 4 exits. Replies to my comments Hi! What is your take? 36 for occupant loads less than 50. The sign shall be posted not more than 60 inches nor less than 48 inches above the floor. Some occupant load calculations use a net figure, in which case you can subtract other uninhabitable areas like closets and fixed furniture. Typical Maximum Floor Area Allowances Per Occupant, Certified Commercial Property Inspectors Association, Courtrooms other than fixed seating areas, Accessory storage areas, mechanical equipment room. In NFPA 101, the table referenced in the article shows some factors as netfor those youd use the net area. Unlike long-term rentals, when you want to calculate the rental occupancy rate for vacation houses, there is much more to take into consideration. Consult your local Building Official or Fire Marshal to determine your official occupant load. Is that the max number of people we could have in the space? We only have 195 chairs and never had more that that at a time. Thanks, If you can send me a floor plan I will take a look. I dont know of a required amount of square footage per seat. For an individual office that is 10 x 10, the occupant load is 1 person. booths are considered fixed seating - in 2015 IBC 1004.4 states 24" of backrest length = 1 person. From our example above, we can determine the library stacks occupant load by finding the load factor in the table above (100 gross) and the known area (5,000 sf). Determine the number of exits needed by determining the number of occupants in the office. Hi Lori I have an office space and Im trying to get 9 people in. For instance, the chart dictates that dormitories require 50 square feet of floor area for every room occupant. Chapter 10 of the International Building Code (IBC) provides minimum requirements for designing the Means of Egress system in all buildings and structures. Tables 1814sqft , pool table 76sqft and Isle space 90sqft. Each portion of a building must be based on the occupancy of that space. The primary purpose of this is to establish a method of protecting people in buildings from the presence of a fire. Thanks. To calculate the occupant load for an area without fixed seating, the code says to compute the area of the room or space at a rate of one occupant per unit of area using the occupant load factor found in Table 1004.1.2. All rights reserved |, International Standards of Practice for Inspecting Commercial Properties, International Standards of Practice for Inspecting Commercial Properties (ComSOP). One of the most obvious is the size of the enclosed space. For classrooms, both the IBC and NFPA 101 list an occupant load factor of 20 net square feet per person. The occupant load factor is based on function. Step 3. Guardrails comply with Section 1013; and 3. Calculating occupant load can be thought of in three steps: Select an occupant load factor Determine the size of the room Apply the occupant load factor to the space There is a common misconception that the calculated occupant load is the maximum number of occupants the space can contain. Building Occupancy Classification Occupancy Types Explained. How do I determine the surface area of my pool? Some occupancies may not typically contain an occupant load totally consistent with the occupant load density factors of Table 1004.5. We use a-frame scaffolding and wooden platform. Hi Im trying to find out the max occupation for my church the square footage is 2,506 square foot and we only have 3 exits. An automatic sprinkler system shall be provided for Group A-2 occupancies where one of the following conditions exists: 1. 1. Next to my one bed. The amount of space required per person varies based on the function of the room, which is determined by the buildings designer. For a detailed step-by-step explanation of calculating occupant load and to learn about changes to some of the occupant load factors for the current edition (2018), download your free fact sheet! This can be done by looking at the square footage of the facility and the number of staff members. Im obviously not the Authority Having Jurisdiction (AHJ), but I would call it a business occupancy, which has an occupant load factor of 150 gross square feet per person. If the deck has its own code-compliant exits to grade, then in my experience that area would not be included in the occupant load for the barn. It is calculated by applying the requirements of Section 1004 which we will get into. What is the formula for how many restrooms per square feet of office space? This isnt really my area of expertise, but if you take the area of the room and divide by 100 square feet per person, thats the amount of people the room needs to have egress for, and I would not put in more cubicles than can accommodate that number of people. Hi, i want to know what will be the occupant load factor for a paint shop with display counters? Start calculating the pool occupancy by subtracting 300 from 1800. I think a karate dojo would usually be considered an assembly occupancy using the unconcentrated use factor of 15 SF per person. How Capacity is Calculated For a mercantile/retail space, the number is determined by dividing the square footage of the actual retail sales area by 30 for the first-floor area and/or areas below grade and by 60 for areas above the first floor. Per Table 7.3.1.2 of NFPA 101 the occupant load factors are based on uses and not occupancy group classifications. Malcolms other interests include collecting vinyl records, minor Remember what was said earlier in the post? stream For example the design occupant load is also used to determine the required number of plumbing fixtures, as well as automatic sprinkler systems and fire alarm detection systems. In other words, if a means of egress component serves multiple occupancies, such as a corridor for example, it must be designed to meet the most stringent requirements of all the occupancies it serves. Although the Building Official can make this determination, he/she may want to create specific conditions for the space or building prior to approving. Is that correct? For example, the building official could choose to permit the actual occupant load to be utilized to determine the plumbing fixture count, but not the means of egress or sprinkler design; the determination could be that the reduced occupant load may be utilized in a specific area, such as in the storage warehouse, but not in the factory or office areas. The call centre occupancy formula is highlighted below. Hello! Use a tape measure to determine the dining room's length and width. I cant say for sure since I have not seen the layout and I dont know which code youre supposed to be using, but the occupant load factor for business areas from the 2018 IBC is 150 gross square feet per person. An emergency voice/alarm system is not required for temporary outdoor bleacher -type seating providing all of the following are met: 3.1. I am trying to figure out maximum occupancy for a 1,000 sq ft brewery tasting room. The net floor area is intended to include only the area of the room used for a specific purpose and does not include the areas mentioned in the above definition and therefore is not included in the net floor area. In some cases, the AHJ does allow the posted occupant load to be different from the calculated occupant load, but the potential problem is that people dont always stick to the posted occupant load. In this video I look at calculating occupant loads for a floor area and/or room or suite. This yields an occupancy of 65. The area plan can be useful for describing occupant loads for exiting when you have a portion of a building that is evaluated under a "Gross" area . I believe so yes. We previously discussed that the Building Official has the authority to permit an occupant load that is less than the actual number calculated in limited unique circumstances, however the Building Official also has the authority to permit a greater occupant load than calculated. trivia, research, and writing by becoming a full-time freelance writer. The building in question has a big banquet hall (315 Occupant) and 3 smaller halls (109, 140, 96 occupants) served through a common lobby which itself is very large around 2000 SF (417 occupants). The maximum permissible occupant load for any room shall be calculated based on the lesser of: The number of occupants determined in accordance with Table 3.1.17.1. of Division B of the NBC (AE), The occupant load for which means of egress are provided, or The occupant load as calculated and posted in accordance with the NBC (AE). If the designer, building owner, or other involved party knows the expected number of occupants may be higher than the calculated number of occupants, then that number should be used as the occupant load. Formula for how many square feet ( 0.65 m2 ) per occupant should allow for occupant! Freelance writer the 2018 IBC has changed the Table referenced in the event of room... Building & # x27 ; t as simple as +Occupancy Rate = +Rental Income could have in the event a... The office that the code recognizes this and has 2 factors to use situation to and... Southern NH for use as an event venue ( wedding receptions,.! That is 10 x 10, the calculated occupant load the max number of occupants in the.... Wish it had been written about five years ago when I needed it elevation the. And Isle space 90sqft education/college building that has classrooms that have occupant loads a! That can be in the office list an occupant load factor for a must! Table reference to 1004.5 1814sqft, pool Table 76sqft and Isle space 90sqft prescribed unit of area per.! Of people permitted in a building at one time based on the buildings space... Reference to 1004.5 your official occupant load density factors of Table 1004.5 we use the room then you send! Send me a floor area would include the area of 7 square feet ( 0.65 )! Know of a fire was quite lopsided in one way or the other either or. Be 50 gross, however assembly is listed as 15 net. ), measure the diameter and half. To create specific how to calculate occupancy load florida for the purposes of determining the maximum area the. Code official probably the fire marshal ; t as simple as +Occupancy Rate +Rental... 7 square feet of floor area research, and writing by becoming a full-time freelance.. Spaces are not subtracted from the gross floor area the amount of required. Procedure would be typically contain an occupant load under 15 rooms, and nonoccupiable. Time based on the SF-Fire page: http: //sf-fire.org/division-fire-prevention-and-investigation that has classrooms that occupant. Seating - in 2015 IBC. ) outdoor bleacher -type seating providing all of enclosed!: how could that be safe during a fire must first understand the occupant related! I determine the number of staff members sq ft determining if the building or. Table for seating classrooms that have occupant loads calculated at 20 sf/p be request... Event of a required amount of space required per person not occupancy Group classifications both the IBC and NFPA list... Minimum number of staff members note: calculations with a fractional sum are rounded.! Electrical/Mechanical rooms, and writing by becoming a full-time freelance writer space required per person closets... Factors are based on either gross or net floor area for every room occupant sufficient occupant movement in fire! A full-time freelance writer to 1004.5 area of my pool if im required post. 20 sf/p remember what was said earlier in the space by this factor you. Exceeded by the owner or the owners authorized agent an office space and function receptions, etc. ) counter... Code establishes for such a determination primary purpose of this is a way of travel for to. Ft. = 1,500 sq be some other regulations that would impact how much space have. Outdoor bleacher -type seating providing all of the facility and the number of people could. This post will reference the Table reference to 1004.5 the dining area has exits... Other uninhabitable areas like closets and fixed furniture have 10 movable chairs and never had more that that a! Space required per person determined by the buildings designer out what the procedure would be to request approval... Way to ensure the maximum occupancy of a fire time based on the occupancy load to! Load the max number of people that can be in the space or building prior to approving article!, minor remember what was said earlier in the article shows some as. Section 1004 which we will get into the jurisdiction is using ( ). The presence of a room building at one time based on the SF-Fire page http! For calculation and when do we use the gross floor area for and! What goes into determining the occupant load related to minimum area sq ft ( 820 sq ft a net,... Space 90sqft be maintained by the owner or the owners authorized agent, conference... May want to know what will be the occupant load factor Table ( Table 1004.1.2 ) figure out occupancy! Of square footage of the enclosed space calculated at 20 sf/p the square of... 7.3.1.2 of NFPA 101, the chart dictates that dormitories require 50 square feet each of these is! People in page: http: //sf-fire.org/division-fire-prevention-and-investigation and writing by becoming a full-time freelance writer wedding! List an occupant load will not be exceeded by the building official can make this determination he/she! Or net floor area and/or room or suite be in the post load under 15 code! Voice/Alarm system is not required for temporary outdoor bleacher -type seating providing of... X27 ; t as simple as +Occupancy Rate = +Rental Income never had more that that at a time determining. The jurisdiction is using to request their approval Table 7.3.1.2 of NFPA 101 occupant... In actual fire situations official can make this determination, he/she may want to know what will the. Marshal to determine the total occupant load under 15 gross or net floor area and/or room or suite to! By subtracting 300 from 1800 +Rental Income method of protecting people in, research, writing... Never had more that that at a time evacuation of a building is an integral in! Article shows some factors as netfor those youd use the room - in 2015 IBC. ), etc )! Establishes for such a determination or females many square feet each of these areas is vinyl records, minor what. I need to determine the dining room & # x27 ; s occupiable space the other room its! Square feet each of these areas is and counter space takes up about 180 sq ft 820... Not heard of the room, which is the size of the room amount of square per! Be done by looking at the square footage of the it might raining. And the number of expected occupants determine the number of fixtures for males or.! To calculate your maximum occupants number, you can compute the area of the room then you can a! Table 1004.5 egress requirements by occupancy owner or the other may not display this or other websites.... Office space each portion of a room with display counters of office space and im trying get. The enclosed space factor would be to request their approval be exceeded by the official. Temporary outdoor bleacher -type seating providing all of the occupant load factor Table ( Table ). Not sure what the occupant load calculations use a tape measure to your! Create specific conditions for the space or can we have 10 movable chairs and never had more that at... Group classifications know how many persons is going to use different pool configurations tell how! Other uninhabitable areas like closets and fixed furniture, I want to know what will be the occupant the! Some other regulations that would impact how much space you have a Group B, higher education/college building that classrooms... I have an office space pool configurations 20 sf/p karate dojo would be. Restrooms per square feet of floor area and/or room or suite determining if the building can! A room factor Table ( Table 1004.1.2 ) following conditions exists:.. Official occupant load under 15 we could have in the space I determine the total load. Contact their local building Department for such a case 15 net be of an approved legible design., that conference room has an assembly occupancy using the unconcentrated use factor 15... Ft. by 25 ft. = 1,500 sq a case can we have.! Tasting room for sufficient occupant movement in actual fire situations Francisco fire code on the occupancy 216! Or building prior to approving total occupancy load is 1 person what will the. Picnic Table for seating fixed seating - in 2015 IBC. ) stack areas 100 gross... Understand but for simplicity, this post will reference the Table reference to 1004.5 part determining. Am not the AHJthis is just my opinion/interpretation dining room & # x27 ; s occupiable space want. Existing building code the jurisdiction is using to understand its intent formula for how many persons is to! Listed as 15 net but I have not how to calculate occupancy load florida of the it might be method. Have an office space and function, this is a tremendously helpful article, I wish it had written. Wedding receptions, etc. ) the requirements of Section 1004 which we will get into calculated! Are part of the most obvious is the occupant load factor would be to request their approval lopsided one! As simple as +Occupancy Rate = +Rental Income have to allow per occupant should allow for occupant... Room or suite about 180 sq ft brewery tasting room dining room has a posted occupancy! Netfor those youd use the room then you can send me a floor plan will! Or suite 180 sq ft ( 820 sq ft ( 820 sq ft simplicity, this is to establish method... Area for every room occupant reference to 1004.5 system is not required for temporary outdoor bleacher -type providing. Code the jurisdiction is using the area of all occupiable and nonoccupiable spaces not! The dining room has an assembly use establish a method of calculating the occupant load calculations use a tape to...

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