[109], Anderson arrived at the guerrilla camp and described the day's events, the brutality of which unsettled Todd. On Oct. 27, 1864, about 300 men of the Enrolled Missouri Militia, led by Union Lt. Col. Samuel P. Cox, ambushed Anderson and his guerrilla force in Ray County's Albany, Mo. [33] In August 1863, however, Union General Thomas Ewing, Jr. attempted to thwart the guerrillas by arresting their female relatives,[34] and Anderson's sisters were confined in a three-story building on Grand Avenue in Kansas City with a number of other girls. Born in Kentucky in 1839 before moving to Missouri and eventually living in Kansas when the Civil War started, Bill Anderson soon earned the nom de plume "Bloody Bill." An unusual event made a guerrilla out of William Anderson. Even then, reloading the powder & ball would have been almost as fast as changing out the cylinder. 4. In October of 1864, Anderson's unit was trapped and outnumbered in Missouri, and 'Bloody Bill' was killed when he charged the Union troops. Operating against Unionists in the midst of the guerrilla war in Missouri and Kansas, he was a leading figure in the infamous Lawrence Massacre and the Centralia Massacre, gaining the nickname "Bloody Bill" for the perceived savagery of his exploits. They had sworn to be revenged for the death of their father, and made their troubles an excuse for the career of bushwhacking in which they engaged with the Quantrill gang. The Fate of the Bushwhackers , Confederate leaders were unsure about guerrillas. Touch for map. Anderson and his men camped with at least 300 men, including Todd. Born in the late 1830s, Then I noticed Bloody Bill Anderson and he has a very small existence in Josey Wales. "The war brought on hate and strife and killing around here. The Union militias sometimes rode slower horses and may have been intimidated by Anderson's reputation. [87] Although they forced the Union soldiers to flee, Anderson and Jesse James were injured in the encounter and the guerrillas retired to Boone County to rest. Marker is on Thornton Street north of Main Street (State Highway 10), on the left when traveling north. After selecting a sergeant for a potential prisoner swap, Anderson's men shot the rest. All such organizations will be reported to their headquarters as soon as practicable. [106] Although he was alerted to the congressman's presence in the town, he opted not to search for him. From July 1861 until the end of the war, the state suffered up to 25,000 deaths from guerrilla warfare, more than any other state. John Wallace (within shouting distance of this marker); Colonel Alexander W. Doniphan (within shouting distance of this marker); Ray County Bicentennial Memorial (about 300 feet away, measured in a direct line); 1856 Courthouse Cornice Planter (about 300 feet away). The .500 Bushwhacker is the biggest, baddest handgun cartridge in the world right now. . Gen. Thomas C. Hindman was the head of the Confederate Army's Trans Mississippi Department in Little Rock, Ark. from Wichita State University and his Ph.D. in History and Political Science from the University of Chicago. Raised by a family of Southerners in Kansas, Anderson began to support himself by stealing and selling horses in 1862. The attacks prompted the Kansas City Daily Journal of Commerce to declare that rebels had taken over the area. The act sanctioned guerrilla activities against the Union army while attempting to gain some measure of control over the guerrillas. Barbed Wire Press. Quantrill disliked the idea because the town was fortified, but Anderson and Todd prevailed. [57] Quantrill appointed him a first lieutenant, subordinate only to himself and to Todd. The tension between the two groups markedly increasedsome feared open warfare would resultbut by the time of the wedding, relations had improved. Gen. Henry Halleck's General Orders No. James Jay Carafano. [32], Quantrill's Raiders had an extensive support network in Missouri that provided them with numerous hiding places. ; and Confederate Memorial State Historic Site in Higginsville, Mo. 11. Violence Was No Stranger (1993). Answer: Coffeyville. Anderson was described as "nearly six feet tall, of rather swarthy complexion and had long, black hair, inclined to curl. . [60] Sutherland described Anderson's betrayal of Quantrill as a "Judas" turn. The Missouri act was an offshoot of the Confederate Partisan Ranger Act instituted by Confederate President Jefferson Davis in April 1862. [56] In March 1864, at the behest of General Sterling Price, Quantrill reassembled his men, sending most of them into active duty with the regular Confederate Army. They relied on knowledge of the local terrain for survival. In 1908, the ex-guerrillas and former outlaws Jim Cummins and Cole Younger arranged for a funeral service at Anderson's gravesite. My 1888 Luscomb #b. Raised by a family of Southerners in Kansas, Anderson began to support himself by stealing and selling horses in 1862. Bloody Bill Anderson "Bill Anderson!" William Clarke Quantrill commands. Anderson was fatally shot twice in the back of the head. [15] The Anderson brothers escaped, but Baker was captured and spent four months in prison before returning to Kansas, professing loyalty to the Union. [Photo captions, clockwise from top left, read] [143] Only Anderson and one other man, the son of a Confederate general, continued to charge after the others had retreated. Below is one of the articles written by Brownwood Banner - Bulletin staff writer Henry C. Fuller after Interviewing William C. "Bloody Bill" Anderson of Quantrill's Guerrillas of the Civil War at his home at Salt Creek, Brown County, Texas in 1924. Marshal, but spoke amicably with an acquaintance he found there. [59] It is likely that this incident angered Anderson, who then took 20 men to visit the town of Sherman. [127] Although many of them wished to execute this Union hostage, Anderson refused to allow it. Bloody Bill Anderson Name bad men in history, Caligula - Hitler - Charles Manson, more? [163], Historians have been mixed in their appraisal of Anderson. [105] Anderson gave the civilian hostages permission to leave but warned them not to put out fires or move bodies. [122] In the aftermath of the massacre, Union soldiers committed several revenge killings of Confederate-sympathizing civilians. They also burnt Baker's home and stole two of his horses before returning to Missouri on the Santa Fe Trail. [93] However, a guerrilla fired his weapon before they reached the town, and the cavalry garrisoned in the town quickly withdrew into their fort while civilians hid. From famous outlaws like Billy the Kid and Jesse James to lawmen like Wyatt Earp and Wild Bill Hickok to trailblazing pioneers and frontiersmen, this podcast tells the true stories of the real-life characters who shaped this iconic period in American history. Anderson and Todd launched an unsuccessful attack against the fort, leading charge after futile charge without injury. In 1857, the family moved to Kansas and William worked for a time . Residents. William T. "Bloody Bill" Anderson (circa 1838 - October 26, 1864) was a pro-Confederate guerrilla leader in the American Civil War. The Union troops took his body to Richmond, Mo. Anderson and his men were in the rear of the charge, but gathered a large amount of plunder from the dead soldiers, irritating some guerrillas from the front line of the charge. 1840-1864. 3. [120][121] Anderson evaded the pursuit, leading his men into ravines the Union troops would not enter for fear of ambush. While on public display, a local photographer documented his death. [112] Although five guerrillas were killed by the first volley of Union fire, the Union soldiers were quickly overwhelmed by the well-armed guerrillas, and those who fled were pursued. After a former friend and secessionist turned Union loyalist judge killed his father, Anderson killed the judge and fled to Missouri. Many bushwhackers wore a distinctive shirt, such as this one on T.F. A wide-brimmed slouch hat was the headgear of choice. [104] Anderson forced the captured Union soldiers to form a line and announced that he would keep one for a prisoner exchange but would execute the rest. (, In his biography of Quantrill, historian Duane Schultz counters that General, Some accounts of Anderson's death relate that he was decapitated and his head impaled on a telegraph pole. Anderson is loosely portrayed by Jim Caviezel as Black John Ambrose in the 1999 Ang Lee film Ride With The Devil. [156] Jim Anderson moved to Sherman, Texas, with his two sisters. [7][b] Animosity and violence between the two sides quickly developed in what was called Bleeding Kansas, but there was little unrest in the Council Grove area. [166] According to journalist T.J. Stiles, Anderson was not necessarily a "sadistic fiend",[167] but illustrated how young men became part of a "culture of atrocity" during the war. This is his story. Union troops set his body up for public viewing and photos at the Richmond, Missouri courthouse. Marker is on the Ray County Courthouse grounds. [145], Union soldiers identified Anderson by a letter found in his pocket and paraded his body through the streets of Richmond, Missouri. An unusual event made a guerrilla out of William Anderson. Bloody Bill and some five or six of his associates in crime came dashing considerably in the advance of their line and their chieftain Anderson, with one other supposed to be Lieut. several of Anderson's men were cut down immediately & Anderson & 2 more continued but just a short distance when they were cut down. Bushwhacker activities in Missouri increased as a response to Federal occupation and increasingly brutal attacks and raids by Kansas soldiers, or jayhawkers. Quantrill and other guerrillas nonetheless sought and sometimes received formal Confederate commissions as partisan rangers. After he returned to Council Grove he began horse trading, taking horses from towns in Kansas, transporting them to Missouri and returning with more horses. A lot of the federal troops in Missouri were Infantry & only the officer's would have pistols. [68] The letters were given to Union generals and were not published for 20 years. During the American Civil War, the James family sided with the Confederates, and Frank and Jesse James joined a group of guerrillas, or . He then ordered and conducted the massacre soldiers. Biographer Larry Wood wrote that Anderson's motivation shifted after the death of his sister, arguing that killing then became his focus, and an enjoyable act. William Quantrill and William "Bloody Bill" Anderson are well-known bushwhacker leaders in Missouri. As you said, they could have obtained pistols from the local population but remember, the average farmer probably wouldn't have shelled out the $15.00 to buy a sidearm as he was more dependent on a long arm & $15.00 was a fortune. The muzzle-loaders required no special ammunition or training and were effective out to about seventy-five or one hundred yards. [54] During the winter, Anderson married Bush Smith, a woman from Sherman, Texas. [132], Anderson traveled 70 miles (110km) east with 80 men to New Florence, Missouri. [77][78] His fearsome reputation gave a fillip to his recruiting efforts. [11] He joined the freight shipping operation for which his father worked and was given a position known as "second boss" for a wagon trip to New Mexico. The Union troops took his body to Richmond, Mo. Brown had devoted significant attention to the border area, Anderson led raids in Cooper County and Johnson County, Missouri, robbing local residents. Plot [ edit] Cocaine dealer, Darrell, leads a cop on a chase through the desert. [31] By late July, Anderson led groups of guerrillas on raids and was often pursued by Union volunteer cavalry. [49], Four days after the Lawrence Massacre, on August 25, 1863, General Ewing retaliated against the Confederate guerrillas by issuing General Order No. Quantrill and other guerrillas nonetheless sought and sometimes received formal Confederate commissions as partisan rangers. . John Nichols, a bushwacker who operated in Johnson and Pettis Counties in 1862-1863, prior to his execution in Jefferson City, Missouri, October 30, 1863 [115], By the end of the day, Anderson's men had killed 22 soldiers from the train and 125 soldiers in the ensuing battle in one of the most decisive guerrilla victories of the entire war. [30] The first reference to Anderson in Official Records of the American Civil War concerns his activities at this time, describing him as the captain of a band of guerrillas. He was, however, impressed by the effectiveness of Anderson's attacks. [6] Kansas was at the time embroiled in an ideological conflict regarding its admission to the Union as slave or free, and both pro-slavery activists and abolitionists had moved there in attempts to influence its ultimate status. [21][f] William Quantrill, a Confederate guerrilla leader, later claimed to have encountered Reed's company in July and rebuked them for robbing Confederate sympathizers;[22] in their biography of Anderson, Albert Castel and Tom Goodrich speculate that this rebuke may have resulted in a deep resentment of Quantrill by Anderson. By the time of his death in 1864 Anderson had become one of the most sought after men in Missouri and had left a trail of blood and hatred across the west and central portions of the state. Anderson was known for his brutality towards Union soldiers, and pro Union partisans, who were called Jayhawkers. 100, in April 1863, set a national policy, outlining guerrillas and their treatment. He favored swift execution of captured guerrillas. As Quantrill and Todd became less active, "Bloody Bill" Anderson emerged as the best-known, and most feared, Confederate guerrilla in Missouri. Many bushwhackers wore a distinctive shirt, such as this one on T.F. One of the leading authorities on the Civil War in the western theater, Albert Edward Castel earned his B.A. [16] In May 1862, Judge Baker issued an arrest warrant for Griffith, whom Anderson helped hide. He was buried in a nearby fieldafter a soldier cut off one of his fingers to steal a ring. There were those that came & went and the largest number had to have been the raid on Lawrence. A low-level conflict had already been raging in the Missouri-Kansas borderlands in the years preceding the outbreak of the Civil War. While they were confined, the building collapsed, killing one of Anderson's sisters. Bloody Bill was born in either 1838 or 1839 and moved to Kansas in the late 1850s. After a building collapse in the makeshift jail in Kansas City, Missouri, left one of them dead in custody and the other permanently maimed, Anderson devoted himself to revenge. General Orders No. [125], Anderson visited Confederate sympathizers as he traveled, some of whom viewed him as a hero for fighting the Union, whom they deeply hated. Bloody Bill Anderson. William T. Anderson (1840 - Oct. 26, 1864) known as "Bloody Bill" Anderson was one of the deadliest and most brutal pro-Confederate guerrilla leaders in the American Civil War. Around the same time, William T. Anderson fatally shot a member of the Kaw tribe outside Council Grove; he claimed that the man had tried to rob him. The tortures included jumping on him, shooting at his legs and firing guns from his knee to burn his legs with powder. The U.S. Government provided a veteran's tombstone for Anderson's grave in 1967. . ; Battle of Albany Civil War Marker near Orrick, Mo. [72] Anderson's men robbed the town's depository, gaining about $40,000 (equivalent to $693,000 in 2021) in the robbery, although Anderson returned some money to the friend he had met at the hotel. William T. "Bloody Bill" Anderson was a southern sympathizing bushwhacker born in Missouri and raised in Kansas. As armies march across America from 1861 to 1865, other combatants shot soldiers from ambush and terrorized civilians of opposing loyalties in a fierce guerrilla war. One dating device is the guns; they are all germane to the late 1860s and early 1870s at the . If they were caught, Federals considered them criminals not prisoners of war. When as many as 10 men come together for this purpose they may organize by electing a captain, 1 sergeant, 1 corporal, and will at once commence operation against the enemy without waiting for special instructions. Please note that we are about 6-7 months in backorder and the wait is worth it. [107] The guerrillas set the passenger train on fire and derailed an approaching freight train. Details on John (b. They also targeted strategically important infrastructure like bridges, telegraph lines and railroads. Usually a wife, sister, mother or sweetheart used ribbons, shells and needlework to create the ellaborately [sic] decorated shirts. In September 1864, Anderson led a raid on the town of Centralia, Missouri. Cole Younger, 1913, The Federal command in St. Louis, Mo. Bill and Jim Anderson soon after this drifted off to the Sni Hills, in Missouri, where they had relatives. [150][h] Flowers were placed at his grave, to the chagrin of Union soldiers. Concluding that eliminating the bushw[h]acker's support network would help end guerilla fighting, Brig. [114] Anderson's men mutilated the bodies of the dead soldiers and tortured some survivors. After the attack, one of Anderson's guerrillas scalped a dead militiaman. Often bushwhackers wore stolen Union uniforms as a disguise. The Dalton boys grew up outside of Coffeyville and . 11, an evacuation order that evicted almost 20,000 people from four counties in rural western Missouri and burned many of their homes. The notorious Bloody Bill was killed in a Union ambush in Missouri. Their families and other local Confederate sympathizers supplied them with shelter, food, medical care and tactical information about Union activities. [96] Although a large group of guerrillas was assembled, their leaders felt there were no promising targets to attack because all of the large towns nearby were heavily guarded. [39] Anderson was placed in charge of 40 men, of which he was perhaps the angriest and most motivatedhis fellow guerrillas considered him one of the deadliest fighters there. II. In early 1863 he joined Quantrill's Raiders, a group of Confederate guerrillas which operated along the KansasMissouri border. However, his gun of choice was said to be the Dance .44 caliber cap and ball revolver. [13], Upon his return to Kansas, Anderson continued horse trafficking, but ranchers in the area soon became aware of his operations. I have also read it was several Cavalry troopers, but that is another story. The Death of William Anderson , On Oct. 27, 1864, about 300 men of the Enrolled Missouri Militia, led by Union Lt. Col. Samuel P. Cox, ambushed Anderson and his guerrilla force in Ray County's Albany, Mo. Touch for a list and map of all markers in Richmond. You certainly wouldn't do that aboard a horse. While on public display, a local photographer documented his death. eHistory website entry (Submitted on October 1, 2020, by William Fischer, Jr. of Scranton, Pennsylvania.) It is possible that Jim Anderson might have married Bloody Bill's widow IF the 22 August 1866 marriage of J. M. Anderson and Malinda Anderson was the marriage of James Madison Anderson and Malinda Bush Smith. The Gun manufacturers did not provide extra cylinders for each firearm sold. This historical marker was erected by Missouri State Parks. Two Confederate soldiers carrying double-barreled shotguns, a favorite weapon early in the Civil War. Relatives of William T. Anderson , known as "Bloody Bill". He sees Anderson as obsessed with, and greatly enjoying, the ability to inflict fear and suffering in his victims, and suggests he suffered from the most severe type of sadistic personality disorder. Jesse James and his brother Frank were among the Missourians who joined Anderson; both of them later became notorious outlaws. I do not claim to be an expert on guerrilla warfare in Missouri but am a student of the war in general. They will receive pay and allowance for subsistence and forage for the time actually in the field, as established by the affadavits of their captains. [82] In late July, the Union military sent a force of 100 well-equipped soldiers and 650 other men after Anderson. The next day, the 4th Missouri Volunteer Cavalry pursued them, but Anderson launched an ambush that killed seven Union soldiers. The Wild West Extravaganza is a history podcast that delves into the fascinating and often tumultuous world of the American Old West. [152] In 1967, a memorial stone was placed at the grave. Usually a wife, sister, mother or sweetheart used ribbons, shells and needlework to create the ellaborately [sic] decorated shirts. Most fought to protect or revenge their families from what they saw as injustices heaped upon them by the Union army and Union sympathizers. Often group sizes fluctuated as they came together for larger raids and then broke apart after the raid. Touch for directions. They relied on knowledge of the local terrain for survival. They opposed the Union army in Missouri for a variety of reasons. [149] Some of them cut off one of his fingers to steal a ring. Now that statement is a little murky. Their families and other local Confederate sympathizers supplied them with shelter, food, medical care and tactical information about Union activities. 1. One one hand, they were useful, serving to tie down Union forces. [65], On July 6, a Confederate sympathizer brought Anderson newspapers containing articles about him. There is no evidence to support that assumption. [42] The Provost Marshal of Kansas, a Union captain who commanded military police, surrendered to the guerrillas and Anderson took his uniform[43] (guerrillas often wore uniforms stolen from Union soldiers). They later fought under "Bloody Bill" Anderson . On the other hand, the use of tactics like arson, robbery and murder seemed beyond the bounds of honorable combat. Rains, charged fearlessly through our lines and were both unhorsed close in our rear. It was Anderson's greatest victory, surpassing Lawrence and Baxter Springs in brutality and the number of casualties. For the American Revolutionary War loyalist, see, Anderson's middle name is unknown. Bloody Bill dead. Date Posted: 8/12/2009 1:51:23 PM. [38], Although Quantrill had considered the idea of a raid on the pro-Union stronghold that was the town of Lawrence, Kansas before the building collapsed in Kansas City, the deaths convinced the guerrillas to make a bold strike. While on public display, a local photographer documented his death. Violence dropped in the area affected by Order No. Marker is at or near this postal address: 100 West Main Street, Richmond MO 64085, United States of America. [108] Anderson's band then rode back to their camp, taking a large amount of looted goods. ; and Confederate Memorial State Historic Site in Higginsville, Mo. arms army asked attack August Baker band began better Bill Anderson Bloody Bill body brother bushwhackers called camp Castel Centralia City Clark close commander Company Confederate. Reid draws a parallel between the bashi-bazouks of the Ottoman Army and Anderson's guerrillas, arguing that they behaved similarly.[168]. Missouri's southern sympathizers hated Union Brig. [50], They departed earlier in the year than they had planned, owing to increased Union pressure. [24] Confederate General Sterling Price failed to gain control of Missouri in his 1861 offensive and retreated into Arkansas, leaving only partisan rangers and local guerrillas known as "bushwhackers" to challenge Union dominance. [2] During his childhood, Anderson's family moved to Huntsville, Missouri, where his father found employment on a farm and the family became well-respected. [66][67] In the letters, Anderson took an arrogant and threatening yet playful tone, boasting of his attacks. General Orders No. Anderson was outraged and went to Missouri with his siblings. World War Memorial (here, next to this marker); World War II and Korean War Memorial (a few steps from this marker); Vietnam War Memorial (a few steps from this marker); Richmond (within shouting distance of this marker); Pvt. The film follows a group of people trying to survive while stranded in Sunset Valley, a desert ghost town inhabited by the murderous spirit of Confederate war criminal, William T. Anderson and his horde of zombies. Anderson's bushwhacking marked him as a dangerous man and eventually led the Union to imprison his sisters. Community & Conflict website entry (Submitted on October 1, 2020, by William Fischer, Jr. of Scranton, Pennsylvania.) Their duty will be to cut off Federal pickets, scouts, foraging parties and trains and to kill pilots and others on gunboats and transports, attacking them day and night and using the greatest vigor in their movements. Stories about Anderson's brutality during the War were legion. The Andersons barricaded the door to the basement and set the store on fire, killing Baker and his brother-in-law. This historical marker is listed in these topic lists: Settlements & Settlers War, US Civil. William "Bloody Bill" Anderson . [28] Castel and Goodrich speculated that this raid may have given Quantrill the idea of launching an attack deep in Kansas, as it demonstrated that the state's border was poorly defended and that guerrillas could travel deep into the state's interior before Union forces were alerted.

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