2023. scale, ordinal a measurement scale consisting of qualitative categories whose values have a distinct order but no numerical distance between their possible values (e.g., stage of cancer, I, II, III, or IV). the speed or frequency with which an event or circumstance occurs per unit of time, population, or other standard of comparison. rated the film PG13; rated the bonds at junk level. normal curve the bell-shaped curve that results when a normal distribution is graphed. The number of deaths in a specified population, usually expressed per 100,000 population over a given period, usually 1 year. notifiable disease a disease that, by law, must be reported to public health authorities upon diagnosis. contribucin municipal, impuestos municipales, , . trial, randomized clinical a clinical trial in which persons are randomly assigned to exposure or treatment groups. Using the term to describe the person rather than the health condition is discouraged (see also case-patient). Cookies used to make website functionality more relevant to you. You can review and change the way we collect information below. rate (redirected from infection rate) Also found in: Dictionary, Thesaurus, Legal, Financial, Encyclopedia . central location (also called central tendency) a statistical measurement to quantify the middle or the center of a distribution. Populations are followed, and disease, death, or other health-related outcomes are documented and compared. Home; infection rate; Synonyms for infection rate. frequency the amount or number of occurrences of an attribute or health outcome among a population. statistical significance the measure of how likely it is that a set of study results could have occurred by chance alone. Securing a medical care provision system. It is used to measure the frequency of incidence a measure of the frequency with which new cases of illness, injury, or other health condition occurs among a population during a specified period. . THE PROBLEM WITH TRUMPS HERD MENTALITY LINE ISNT THE VERBAL FLUB. Historic example of death rates (per 100,000) for leading causes of death for men aged 2544 years. (-0001). APA: Classic Thesaurus. These cookies perform functions like remembering presentation options or choices and, in some cases, delivery of web content that based on self-identified area of interests. chartjunk unnecessary or confusing visual elements in charts, illustrations, or graphs. inflection, injection, infectious, infect. 3. Synonyms disorder, problem, trouble, disease, upset, illness, sickness, ailment, affliction, malady, indisposition in the sense of contagion Definition a corrupting influence that tends to spread They have been reluctant to admit patients with the disease because of fears of contagion. definitions. contagion, contamination, corruption, defilement, poison, pollution, septicity, virus, English Collins Dictionary - English synonyms & Thesaurus, Collaborative Dictionary English Thesaurus. The comparison group provides an estimate of the background or expected incidence of disease (in a cohort study) or exposure (in a case-control study). study, observational a study in which the investigator observes rather than influences exposure and disease among participants. line graph, semilogarithmic-scale a graph that displays patterns or trends by plotting the frequency (e.g., number, proportion, or rate) of a characteristic or event during some variable, usually time. outbreak, propagated an outbreak that spreads from person to person rather than from a common source. heart rate or heart rhythm problems, chest pain or discomfort, pain or tingling in the hands or feet, and fatigue. bar chart a visual display in which each category of a variable is represented by a bar or column bar charts are used to illustrate variations in size among categories. A nonspecific laboratory test used as a marker of inflammation. mode the most frequently occurring value in a set of observations (see also measure of central location). No report of Peak expiratory flow rate decreased is found for people with Escherichia urinary tract infection. Retinal Degeneration. crude mortality rate see mortality rate, crude. population pyramid a graphical display of the age-sex distribution of a population, constructed with a horizontal histogram of the age distribution of males pointing to the left, and the corresponding horizontal histogram of age distribution of females pointing to the right. Hepatitis B is a potentially life-threatening liver infection caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV). 1 incidence proportion the fraction of persons with new cases of illness, injury, or other health condition during a specified period, calculated as the number of new cases divided by the size of the population at the start of the study period (see also attack rate). Parts of speech carrier a person or animal that harbors the infectious agent for a disease and can transmit it to others, but does not demonstrate signs of the disease. See how your sentence looks with different synonyms. The rate of occurrence of positive test results in those who do not have the attribute or disease for which they are being tested. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. infection rates. interquartile range a measure of spread representing the middle 50% of the observations, calculated as the difference between the third quartile (75th percentile) and the first quartile (25th percentile). Case-control and cohort studies are observational studies (see also study, experimental). Surgical site infection rate in India has varies from 2.5% to 41.9%. axis one of the dimensions of a graph in a rectangular graph, the x-axis is the horizontal axis, and the y-axis is the vertical axis. transmission, mechanical indirect transmission by a vector in which the infectious agent does not undergo physiologic changes inside the vector (see also transmission, biologic). infection rates. 2023 Reverso-Softissimo. Despite the availability of vaccines, infection rates remain high due to immune evasive Omicron sublineages. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) cannot attest to the accuracy of a non-federal website. The infection rate in reactivated disease is approximately 15%-20%. Standard error is computed as the standard deviation of the variable divided by the square root of the sample size. Analytic epidemiology uses comparison groups to provide baseline or expected values so that associations between exposures and outcomes can be quantified and hypotheses about the cause of the problem can be tested (see also study, analytic). measure of spread a measure of the distribution of observations out from its central value. {\displaystyle \lambda } mean, geometric the mean, or average, of a set of data measured on a logarithmic scale. privacy rule a set of regulations based on the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act to protect the privacy of individually identifiable health information. Test your knowledge - and maybe learn something along the way. In epidemiology, does not imply intentional deviation. It is updated regularly. The y-axis, measuring frequency, uses an arithmetic scale. Cat Infections That Can Spread to Humans Ringworm Salmonella: Typhoid Kitty? measure of central location a central value that best represents a distribution of data. birth rate, crude the number of live births during a specified period divided by the mid-period population, usually expressed per 1,000 population. case-patient in a case-control study, a person who has the disease, injury, or other health condition that meets the case definition (see also case). fomite an inanimate object that can be the vehicle for transmission of an infectious agent (e.g., bedding, towels, or surgical instruments). asymmetrical a type of distribution where the shape to the right and left of the central location is not the same. Common measures of central location are the mean, median, and mode also called the measure of central tendency. Such a calculation is difficult because not all new infections are reported, and it is often difficult to know how many susceptibles were exposed. Data Tracker Home Cases, Deaths, & Testing Case & Death Demographic Trends Vaccination Distribution & Coverage Vaccine Effectiveness & Breakthrough Surveillance Health Equity Pediatric Pregnancy People at Increased Risk Wastewater Surveillance Health Care Settings Social Impact & Prevention Variants & Genomic Surveillance Antibody Seroprevalence Post-COVID Conditions Traveler-Based Genomic . vehicle an inanimate object that can carry an agent from a reservoir to a susceptible host (e.g., food, water, blood products, and bedding) (see also transmission, indirect). Among countries with both high vaccination rates and high rates of Covid-19 infection, most rely on vaccines made in China, a CNBC analysis shows. These cookies may also be used for advertising purposes by these third parties. is the average age of infection. There was a failure rate of one pupil in ten in the exam. The postneonatal mortality rate is usually expressed per 1,000 live births. In this case, (pun intended). The research was done in environmental disaster areas (Aral District, Kazaly District) and . This fuse is rated at 50 amperes. high-risk group a group of persons whose risk for a particular disease, injury, or other health condition is greater than that of the rest of their community or population. The line graph shows there were 37,800 new HIV infections in 2015, 37,900 in 2016, 36,700 in 2017, 36,200 in 2018, and 34,800 in 2019. Many of the mechanisms of resistance have been caused by the inappropriate prescription of antibiotics to treat illnesses such as the cold or flu or the over-prescription of broad-spectrum antibiotics. epidemiology the study of the distribution and determinants of health conditions or events among populations and the application of that study to control health problems. cause-specific mortality rate see mortality rate, cause-specific. health a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or other infirmity. surveillance, sentinel a surveillance system that uses a prearranged sample of sources (e.g., physicians, hospitals, or clinics) who have agreed to report all cases of one or more notifiable diseases. surveillance, active public health surveillance in which the health agency solicits reports. source (of infection) the person, animal, object, or substance from which an infectious agent is transmitted to a host. a performance that didn't rate very high. people that rate special treatment; an idea that rates attention. I don't mean amount of alcohol consumed, but alcohol addiction/dependency. virulence the ability of an infectious agent to cause severe disease, measured as the proportion of persons with the disease who become severely ill or die. The metabolic rate as measured 12 hr after eating, after a restful sleep, with no exercise or activity preceding testing, with elimination of emotional excitement, and at a comfortable temperature. box plot a visual display that summarizes data by using a box and whiskers format to indicate the minimum and maximum values (ends of the whiskers), interquartile range (length of the box), and median (line through the box). cohort, birth a group of persons born during a particular period or year. study, experimental a study in which the investigator specifies the type of exposure for each person (clinical trial) or community (community trial) then follows the persons or communities health status to determine the effects of the exposure. This value is usually expressed as deaths per 100,000 live births. Which area in the Western Hemisphere has the highest HIV, The coauthors of the report published in Health Affairs found that hepatitis C, (20) This trial found no significant difference in, In a nationwide Canadian study, (1) researchers aimed to determine repeat HCV, Objective: The objective of this study was to determine if a disposable draping system is superior to reusable draping material in prevention of ICEDIs and hence lowering of the, Consider using non-sterile gloves during minor skin excisions (even those that require sutures) because the, In understanding the transmission dynamics in area-specific malaria epidemiological studies, the determination of Plasmodium sporozoite, A FREE screening service in Coventry has been rolled out by a sexual health charity to slash the HIV. Prostadine is a natural dietary supplement that uses an advanced prostate complex formula to boost prostate gland health. variance a measure of the spread in a set of observations, calculated as the sum of the squares of deviations from the mean, divided by the number of observations minus 1 (see also standard deviation). No, I disagree. The most common symptoms were respiratory congestion, muscle aches (myalgia), and loss of smell or taste. an infectious disease: Is this infection very dangerous? One moose, two moose. sample, representative a sample whose characteristics correspond to those of the original or reference population. portal of entry a pathway into the host that gives an agent access to tissue that will allow it to multiply or act. A vector a living intermediary that carries an agent from a reservoir to a susceptible host (see also transmission, biologic and transmission, mechanical) (e.g., mosquitoes, fleas, or ticks). I want to change some dollars into francs what is the rate of exchange? table shell a table that is completely drawn and labeled but contains no data. If you need to go back and make any changes, you can always do so by going to our Privacy Policy page. prevalence rates. Quarantine refers to separation of potentially exposed but well persons; isolation refers to separation of ill persons. Thank you for taking the time to confirm your preferences. proportion, attributable a measure of the impact of a causative factor on the public health; the proportion of a health state or event among exposed persons that can be attributed to the exposure also called attributable risk percent. .css-1w804bk{font-size:16px;}See how your sentence looks with different synonyms. field epidemiology see epidemiology, field. Roget's 21st Century Thesaurus, Third Edition Copyright 2013 by the Philip Lief Group. infection rate. study, cross-sectional a study in which a sample of persons from a population are enrolled and their exposures and health outcomes are measured simultaneously; a survey. The terms Prevalence rates and Rate of prevalence might have synonymous (similar) meaning. mean, arithmetic the measure of central location, commonly called the average, calculated by adding all the values in a group of measurements and dividing by the number of values in the group. A small short-term loan, with very high interest rates, that the borrower promises to repay on or near the next payday. Statistical significance is based on an estimate of the probability of the observed or a greater degree of association between independent and dependent variables occurring under the null hypothesis (see also P value). ITS THE MASS DEATH. Normal, bell-shaped distributions are symmetrical; the mean, median, and mode are the same. trial, clinical an experimental study that uses data from individual persons. analytic epidemiology see epidemiology, analytic. The process of infecting or the state of being infected A measure of the contagiousness of a disease or illness Any contagious disease that spreads rapidly and kills many people more Noun An infectious disease disease illness virus contagion disorder indisposition infirmity affliction ailment bug complaint condition lurgy problem sickness The number of heartbeats per unit of time that can be detected by palpating any accessible artery. Well, at any rate, let me thank you for all you did. mean (or average) commonly called the average; it is the most common measure of central tendency. Search infection rate and thousands of other words in English definition and synonym dictionary from Reverso. Most HPV infections don't lead to cancer. prevalence rates. rate ratio a measure of association that quantifies the relation between an exposure and a health outcome from an epidemiologic study, calculated as the ratio of incidence rates or mortality rates of two groups. One of the many measures is the closure of schools which concomitantly implied that other innovative strategies to the delivery of subject matter to students while they remain at home be employed in order to . Most didn't develop a fever. Log in. common-source outbreak see outbreak, common-source. Nglish: Translation of infection for Spanish Speakers, Britannica English: Translation of infection for Arabic Speakers, Britannica.com: Encyclopedia article about infection. an infecting with germs of disease, as through the medium of infected insects, air, water, or clothing. Rate: An expression of the relative frequency with which an event occurs among a defined population per unit of time, calculated as the number of new cases or deaths during a specified period divided by either person-time or the average (midinterval) population. trial, community an experimental study that uses data from communities. Infection. Merriam-Webster.com Thesaurus, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/thesaurus/infection. hypothesis, null the supposition that two (or more) groups do not differ in the measure of interest (e.g., incidence or proportion exposed); the supposition that an exposure is not associated with the health condition under study, so that the risk ratio or odds ratio equals 1. arithmetic-scale line graph see line graph, arithmetic-scale. false-positive a positive test result for a person who actually does not have the condition. odds ratio a measure of association used in comparative studies, particularly case-control studies, that quantifies the association between an exposure and a health outcome; also called the cross-product ratio. We offer immediate delivery on all orders placed before 3pm. latency period the time from exposure to a causal agent to onset of symptoms of a (usually noninfectious) disease (see also incubation period). The frequency with which a gene will be inherited or expressed by identical or fraternal twins. individual data values or observations from each record (also called raw data). However, it is not clear what rate of variation is consistent with ongoing replication in small sanctuary sites. In epidemiology, the data are usually summaries of the frequency of occurrence of an event or characteristic occurring among different groups. retrospective study see study, retrospective. The number of heartbeats per unit of time, usually expressed or written as number per minute. census the enumeration of an entire population, usually including details on residence, age, sex, occupation, racial/ethnic group, marital status, birth history, and relationship to the head of household. Pandemic When a new disease spreads to many countries around the world. The investigator specifies the type of exposure for each community and then follows the communities health status to determine the effects of the exposure. Synonyms & Similar Words Relevance virus germ disease epidemic attack contagion contagious disease contagium plague illness https://www.freethesaurus.com/infection+rate. host factor an intrinsic factor (e.g., age, race/ethnicity, sex, or behaviors) that influences a persons exposure, susceptibility, or response to an agent. The goal of this study was to assess the feasibility of implementing a nurse-driven pneumococcal vaccination protocol based on the 2012 Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) guidelines within an academic rheumatology clinic. EMAILS SHOW THE MEATPACKING INDUSTRY DRAFTED AN EXECUTIVE ORDER TO KEEP PLANTS OPEN, TRAINED IMMUNITY OFFERS HOPE IN FIGHT AGAINST CORONAVIRUS, WEARING A MASK COULD PROTECT YOU FROM COVID-19 IN MORE WAYS THAN YOU THINK, EUROPE OVERTAKES U.S. AS COVID-19 HOTSPOT AS INFECTIONS SURGE, TIMES OF STRIFE CAN LEAD TO MEDICAL INNOVATIONWHEN GOVERNMENTS ARE WILLING, THE UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIAS COVID SURGE CONTINUES, WITH 1,400 CASES REPORTED THIS WEEK. effectiveness the ability of an intervention or program to produce the intended or expected results in the field. quarantine the separation of well persons who have been exposed or are suspected to have been exposed to a communicable disease, to monitor for illness and to prevent potential transmission of infection to susceptible persons during the incubation period. host a person or other living organism that is susceptible to or harbors an infectious agent under natural conditions. There have been at least 556,201,000 reported infections and 6,776,000 reported deaths caused by the new coronavirus . Synonyms contamination, infection, corruption, pollution, taint All content on this website, including dictionary, thesaurus, literature, geography, and other reference data is for informational purposes only. The purpose is to examine rate of change instead of amount of change only. cohort a well-defined group of persons who have had a common experience or exposure and are then followed up, as in a cohort study or prospective study, to determine the incidence of new diseases or health events. CDC is not responsible for Section 508 compliance (accessibility) on other federal or private website. neonatal mortality rate see mortality rate, neonatal. trend, secular changes occurring over a substantial period, generally years or decades. A. active immunity see immunity, active.. active surveillance see surveillance, active.. age-adjusted mortality rate see mortality rate, age-adjusted.. agent a factor (e.g., a microorganism or chemical substance) or form of energy whose presence, excessive presence, or in the case of deficiency diseases, relative absence is essential for the occurrence of a disease or other adverse health outcome. can be calculated for an infectious disease in an endemic state if homogeneous mixing of the population and a rectangular population distribution (such as that generally found in developed countries), rather than a pyramid, is assumed. health information system a combination of health statistics from different sources. bias, selection systematic difference in the enrollment of participants in a study that leads to an incorrect result (e.g., risk ratio or odds ratio) or inference. independent variable see variable, independent. Die Behrden in Hongkong hatten die Maskenpflicht whrend der Pandemie strikt durchgesetzt. proportion a ratio in which the numerator is included in the denominator; the ratio of a part to the whole, expressed as a decimal fraction (e.g., 0 2), a fraction (1/5), or a percentage (20%). [1] Because it takes account of susceptibility it can be used to compare the rate of transmission between different groups of the population for the same infectious disease, or even between different infectious diseases. 10 Infection rate Synonyms. P value the probability of observing an association between two variables or a difference between two or more groups as large or larger than that observed, if the null hypothesis were true. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Good synonyms? an infecting agency or influence. Each cause of death is expressed as a percentage of all deaths, and the sum of the proportionate mortality for all causes must equal 100%. They help us to know which pages are the most and least popular and see how visitors move around the site. ing. The rate of utilization of energy. incidence rate a measure of the frequency with which new cases of illness, injury, or other health condition occur, expressed explicitly per a time frame. The number of cases per year of certain diseases in relation to the size of the population in which they occur. Synonym: Upper Respiratory Tract Infections, Recurrent. denominator the lower portion of a fraction; used in calculating a ratio, proportion, or rate. Measures of spread used in epidemiology include the interquartile range, variance, and the standard deviation. Learn a new word every day. Broad-spectrum antivirals are needed to safeguard against emerging variants and future pandemics. rates of hiv aids. exposure having come into contact with a cause of, or possessing a characteristic that is a determinant of, a particular health problem. immunity, herd the resistance to an infectious agent of an entire group or community (and, in particular, protection of susceptible persons) as a result of a substantial proportion of the population being immune to the agent. decision analysis application of quantitative methods to decision-making. Best synonyms for 'rate of infection' are 'infection rate', 'incidence rate' and 'morbidity rate'. alternative hypothesis see hypothesis, alternative. hypothesis, alternative the supposition that an exposure is associated with the health condition under study. Home; infection; Synonyms for infection. The rate of occurrence of new cases of a disease. Comment le classeriez-vous sur une chelle de un 10? arbovirus any of a group of viruses that are transmitted between hosts by mosquitoes, ticks, and other arthropods. efficacy the ability of an intervention or program to produce the intended or expected results under ideal conditions. dose-response association between an exposure and health outcome that varies in a consistently increasing or decreasing fashion as the amount of exposure (dose) increases. bias a systematic deviation of results or inferences from the truth or processes leading to such systematic deviation; any systematic tendency in the collection, analysis, interpretation, publication, or review of data that can lead to conclusions that are systematically different from the truth. The fishing line is rated for 30 pounds. Synonyms for Infection rates. ) is therefore Payday lending is an established form of lending in the US and Canada. So even though cases overall grew, hospitalizations and deaths were down and that makes sense because younger people are more likely to experience mild or symptom-free, In other words, its hard to predict how many people might die of widespread, Some feared coming to work while others walked out of plants to protest the lack of, Data gathered in West Africa and elsewhere during the 1990s also built a case that BCG vaccination, in addition to preventing tuberculosis, protected people from a broad set of, They also refer to a recent study in Syrian hamsters that also suggested masking results in milder, Moving forward, medical innovation can play a substantial role in controlling and preventing, Thats still above the national average for new, THE NEW COVID-19 CASE SURGE IN EUROPE, EXPLAINED. biologic transmission see transmission, biologic. Objective Rheumatology patients are at high risk for complications from pneumococcal infections. applied epidemiology see epidemiology, applied. The neonatal mortality rate is usually expressed per 1,000 live births. droplet nuclei the residue of dried droplets of infectious agents that is easily inhaled and exhaled and can remain suspended in air for relatively long periods or be blown over great distances. Q. I was wondering the rate at which alcohol induces brain damage. This information should not be considered complete, up to date, and is not intended to be used in place of a visit, consultation, or advice of a legal, medical, or any other professional. bar chart, grouped a bar chart displaying quantities of two variables, represented by adjoining bars or columns (i.e., a group) of categories of one variable, separated by space between groups. case definition a set of uniformly applied criteria for determining whether a person should be identified as having a particular disease, injury, or other health condition. What is the rate of alcoholism in the USA compared to other countries in the world.

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