The Bolnai earthquake is believed to be a strike-slip rupture of a branch of the Bolnai Fault, extending about 300[3] to 375[4] km along the fault, and possibly an additional 80km of the Teregtiin Fault. 8.3 magnitude earthquake. A continuity of the waveform, during the gap related to the minutes mark, has been obtained using predictive filters. The source duration was 115 s. The moment magnitude Mw varies between 8.3 and 8.5. Epicenter at 47.7, 92.579 We deduced different b values for each record with an uncertainty going from 1 to 3 mm (Table 2). This Mongolia-related article is a stub. 23.2 km from This appears to be the minimum depth of the rupture on Bolnay fault. Russia . We have no specific information about the nucleation depth. Now at AixMarseille Unisit, CNRSIRDCollge de France, CEREGE UMR 34, BP80 13545 Aix en Provence, France; rizza@cerege.fr. (50.2 miles), 1958-04-07 19:13:29 UTC There are few records of the immediate effects of the earthquake due to the remoteness of Mongolia in 1905. For the P waves, we obtained good signals at Jena and Uppsala. at 21:32 January 11, 2021 UTC, Location: It also propagated 80 km to the southeast along the Teregtiin fault. If we fix the depth to moderate value, the waveforms are explained (Table 3a). The 1905 Bolnai earthquake occurred in or near the Asgat Sum of Zavkhan Province in Mongolia on 23 July. Since 1900, Mongolia has had 3 quakes of magnitude 8.0 or above, 9 quakes between 7.0 and 8.0, 35 quakes between 6.0 and 7.0, and 247 quakes between 5.0 and 6.0. Bayanhongor For the Bolnay earthquake, the seismic moment vary from 3.97 (0.47) 1021 to 7.27 (0.40) 1021 N m functions of the model considered. The local velocity model used was one simple half-space crustal model with Vp = 6 km s1Vs = 3.46 km s1 density = 2.75 g cm3. The maximum uncertainty induces a time error of 0.5 s at an amplitude of 30 mm. Nevertheless, we have a good knowledge of the surface ruptures. Geologic Inheritance and Earthquake Rupture Processes: The 1905 M 8 TsetserlegBulnay StrikeSlip Earthquake Sequence, Mongolia - Choi - 2018 - Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth - Wiley Online Library Skip to Article Content Skip to Article Information Search withinThis JournalAGU JournalsWiley Online Library Search term What is their source history? Institut de Physique du Globe, 5 rue Ren Descartes, 67084 Strasbourg, France. What are the focal depth, rupture length and width, or seismic moment? 1993). Lemiszki & Brown (1988), Blundel (1990), Klemperer & Peddy (1992), Jones et al. Therefore, we use all available information (observed surface ruptures, main regional tectonic features, crust and lithosphere structure, etc.) You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. Saryg-Sep A large number of rocks rolled down from the 12,000 feet high surrounding mountains, trees were uprooted, and two lakes, each of eight acres in size, disappeared. The parameters of the solutions for the Tsetserleg earthquake (1905 July 9). 13 shows the recorded seismicity from 1964 up to 2000 (Adiya et al. (1985) reported a right lateral component on a subvertical NS oriented fault. Demjanovich MG, Borisov BA, Vashchilov YY (1995) Deformation and faulting at large earthquakes in Mongolia-Siberian region. However, rockslides were reported in the nearby mountains, and supposedly "two lakes, each of eight acres in size, disappeared". 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United States, 12201 Sunrise Valley Drive Reston, VA 20192, Region 2: South Atlantic-Gulf (Includes Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands), Region 12: Pacific Islands (American Samoa, Hawaii, Guam, Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands), Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center, Earthquake geology of the Bulnay Fault (Mongolia), Magali Rizza, Jean-Franciois Ritz, Carol S. Prentice, Ricardo Vassallo, Regis Braucher, Christophe Larroque, A. Arzhannikova, S. Arzhanikov, Shannon A. Mahan, M. Massault, J-L. Michelot, M. Todbileg, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America. Epicenter at 51.24, 100.437 A value near 60 km gives the best results, and explains better the end of the recorded signal (Figs 9a and b). Theorie der automatischen Seismographen. Table 1 shows the station characteristics. For periods less than half the natural period of the pendulum, the impact of solid friction becomes very small. For full access to this pdf, sign in to an existing account, or purchase an annual subscription. On July 9, 1905, an earthquake of magnitude 8.4 occurred in the Gobi-Altai region of southwestern Mongolia, close to the Chinese border. The last earthquake in Mongolia occurred 31 weeks ago: Strong mag. 153.2 km from 9.2 km from Every donation will be highly appreciated. In 1905, two major earthquakes with magnitude M >7:5 occurred in the northern part of the Hangay massif (Fig. Menlo Park, CA 94025 at 19:13 April 07, 1958 UTC, Location: In the case of Tsetserleg, the angle is about 75. lgiy Diament M. Kungurtug Secure .gov websites use HTTPS After the map ONE CENTURY OF SEISMICITY IN MONGOLIA (19002000), Adiya et al. Quintiliani M. This article about an earthquake in Asia is a stub. Epicenter at 47.869, 85.076 Dezember 1905. 244.2 km from 10b). By continuing to use our website, you are agreeing to our, Fault Activation in Central Mongolia during the Holocene: Results of Study of the Mogod Earthquake Ruptures, Segmentation and termination of the surface rupture zone produced by the 1932 Ms 7.6 Changma earthquake: New insights into the slip partitioning of the eastern Altyn Tagh fault system, Kinematics of shallow backthrusts in the Seattle fault zone, Washington State, Seismic crustal deformation in the Southern Apennines (Italy), Assessment of seismically induced damage using LIDAR: The ancient city of Pnara (SW Turkey) as a case study, Late Quaternary slip rates on the Sierra Madre fault zone and paleoseismic evidence on the size and frequency of past ruptures, Using in situproduced 10 Be to quantify active tectonics in the Gurvan Bogd mountain range (Gobi-Altay, Mongolia), Fault systems of the eastern Indonesian triple junction: Evaluation of Quaternary activity and implications for seismic hazards, Copyright 2023 Seismological Society of America. Theres never any convenient time for any. Epicenter at 51.607, 104.158 Therefore, we consider the centre of the minute mark gap as reference, and we have to precisely report the gap duration. The Teregtiin segment oriented N160, is characterized by a right lateral motion at the south west of the Bolnay fault. Mugur-Aksy In the case of the Tsetserleg earthquake, we obtained well-constrained S waveforms at Gttingen and Uppsala, despite a poorly predicted signal for the first gap at Uppsala. Notice that in our case, the predominant period is about the natural period of the available instrument (1020 s). Additionally, each one of these events gave rise to fault movements as big as twenty feet and rupture lengths of several hundred miles. A left lateral movement characterizes its northeastern part with a reverse component dipping to the northwest. A rupture depth of the 1905 events restrained to a seismogenic layer of 20 km (Baljinnyam et al. The total seismic moment is 1.06 0.05 1021 N m, giving Mw = 7.95 0.02. Epicenter at 51.708, 95.991 1905-07-09 09:40:39 UTC at 09:40 July 09, 1905 UTC Location: Epicenter at 49.709, 98.483 . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. The PcP arrives at more than 1 min for Gttingen and Jena and at more than 1.5 min for Uppsala after the P. Then, for signal duration of 150 s, the use of a unique emergence angle is acceptable for the 1905 July 9 and 23 events except for the end of the P wave which could be affected by PcP with another emergence angle. 2003). It is interesting to compare Bolnay earthquake with the Kokoxili earthquake (Kunlun, 2001 November 14, left lateral strike-slip, Mw = 7.9) whose nucleation and rupture depth are shallower than 20 km (Rivera et al. Okal (1977) proposed a rupture propagating eastwards along a fault oriented EW. P and S wave are available at Strasbourg but they cannot be used in the inversion do to high solid friction. Schlupp A. 1987; Chen 1988; Dverchre et al. Fig. Petit C. The 1905 Tsetserleg earthquake occurred in or near the Tsetserleg Sum of Khvsgl Province in Mongolia on 9 July 1905. [2], There are few records of the immediate effects of the earthquake due to the remoteness of Mongolia in 1905. at 06:17 February 26, 2012 UTC, Location: Since the observed signal amplitudes are about 2030 mm, we consider that the amplitude decrease is less than 10 per cent. The minute gaps at Gttingen are corrected by using predictive filters. 1985; Baljinnyam et al. With the 7.8-magnitude earthquake hitting Turkey this Monday. They are either fixed or inverted at the end, when the general result is consistent with the field data. Then the seismogenic zone could be also thick, probably around 2030 km. (1992) and McBride (1995) observed from seismic profiles that strike-slip faults can cut the Moho. This work has been possible thanks to the archives of the world wide seismic stations. 1993). The average horizontal displacements are of 10 2 m over 200 km, 8 2 m over 100 km and 5 2 m over 75 km (Baljinnyam et al. Januar bis 31. Moreover, the two needles are lifted each minute during a few seconds. We could not decrease the rupture velocity because the P- and SH-wave signals would be too long. 127.2 km from Nevertheless, the shift b of the axis of the arm with respect to the base line must be deduced directly from records. 52.2 km from Thus, the region of the 1905 events consists of a transition zone with a rotation of 1 from N3049 to NS. (23.2 miles), 2003-10-01 01:03:25 UTC Turutanov E.K. Michelot, M. Todbileg, ASTER Team; Earthquake Geology of the Bulnay Fault (Mongolia). 1985), (Fig. The Tsetserleg earthquake is believed to be a strike-slip rupture of a branch of the Bolnai Fault, extending about 190 km. We obtained a few thousands points for about 200 s of signal. Altai Central Mongolia. The rupture propagation is mainly eastward. Collection, Digitization and Distribution of Historical Seismological Data at INGV, Determination of Earthquake Source Parameters from Inversion of Body Waves, Source parameters for 11 earthquakes in the Tien Shan, central Asia, determined by, The July 9 and 23, 1905, Mongolian earthquakes: a surface wave investigation, Deep structure and mechanical behavior of the lithosphere in the Hangai-Hvsgl region, Mongolia: new constraints from gravity modelling, Teseo: A vectoriser of historical seismograms, Prehistoric ruptures of the Gurvan Bulag fault, Gobi Altay, Mongolia, Numerical Recipes in FORTRAN: The Art of Scientific Computing, The Mechanics of the Earthquake, The California Earthquake of April 18, 1906, The influence of friction on seismographs, Slip rates along active faults estimated with cosmic-ray-exposure dates: application to the Bogd fault, Gobi-Alta, Mongolia, Late Pleistocene to Holocene slip rates for the Gurvan Bulag thrust fault (Gobi-Altay, Mongolia) estimated with 10Be dates, The Kokoxili, November 14, 2001, earthquake: history and geometry of the rupture from teleseismic data and field observation, paper presented at European Geophysical Society, Notectonique de la Mongolie Occidentale analyse partir de donnes de terrain, sismologiques et satellitaires, The Mechanics of Earthquakes and Faulting, Scaling differences between large interplate and intraplate earthquakes, Shear velocity structure of central Eurasia from, inversion of surface wave velocities, Investigation of the region of the Hangay earthquakes of 1905 in northern Mongolia (en Russe). (66.2 miles), 1957-12-04 03:37:53 UTC "Fault interaction and stress triggering of twentieth century earthquakes in Mongolia", "Source history of the 1905 great Mongolian earthquakes (Tsetserleg, Bolnay)", "The Grand Tour - Season Three Episode 13 [Mongolia Special] - Review", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1905_Bolnai_earthquake&oldid=1133364039, This page was last edited on 13 January 2023, at 11:52. Your email address will not be published. Seismogram (vertical component) last 60 minutes. 1986; Scholz 2002). The sign (-) is used when the writing arm is displaced to the north or the east. Our field observations suggest that in many areas the width and geometry of the rupture zone is the result of repeated earthquakes; however, in those areas where it is possible to determine that the geomorphic features are the result of the 1905 surface rupture alone, the size of the features produced by this single earthquake are singular in comparison to most other historical strikeslip surface ruptures worldwide. 3). In parallel, paleoseismological investigations show evidence for two earthquakes prior to the 1905 event with recurrence intervals of ~2700-4000 years. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 2015;; 105 (1): 7293. Solutions for an eastward propagation during the Tsetserleg earthquake. Der Kniglichen Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften zu Gttingen. The depth of the rupture was always free. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. The polarization of S waves at the Gttingen station changes from NW, at the beginning of the signal, to NE at the end, thus suggesting two different mechanisms. Finally, we increased the fault length to the NE. Rupture azimuths are well-known thanks to the observed surface ruptures (Fig. To obtain good results using the linear predictive filter, the signal durations should be two to three times the natural period of the instrument. 5). Okal (1977), using surface waves, proposed a total rupture length of about 200 30 km with a rupture velocity of 3.5 km s1. North of Tsetserleg they found a strike-slip tensor with 1 horizontal, oriented NS. Mail Stop 977 We verified the stability of the linear prediction by changing the length of the signal used in the filter. Fairhead D.. Pintore S. Ritz, C. Prentice, R. Vassallo, R. Braucher, C. Larroque, A. Arzhannikova, S. Arzhannikov, S. Mahan, M. Massault, J.L. at 09:09 December 27, 1991 UTC, Location: The ratio between these two events shows that the lowest solution explaining the body waveform of Bolnay is related to at least a depth of the rupture two times greater than Kokoxili. On the other hand, there were no Wiechert vertical components before 1906. Which U.S. state has the most earthquakes? E-mail: Search for other works by this author on: Magnitudes of large shallow earthquakes from 1904 to 1980, One century of seismicity in mongolia (19002000), Seismotectonic observations in the region of the north Hangay earthquake of 1905 (MPR) (in Russian), in Questions of seismotectonics of pre-Bakal and adjacent territories, Un problme inverse en microtectonique cassante, Ruptures of Major Earthquakes and Active Deformation in Mongolia and its Surroundings, Seismic images of continental lithosphere, Studying earthquake ground motion in Prague from Wiechert seismograph records, GPS measurements of crustal deformation in the Baikal-Mongolia area (19942002): Implications for current kinematics of Asia, A brief update on the focal depths of intracontinental earthquakes and their correlations with heat flow and tectonic age, Focal depths of intracontinental and intraplate earthquakes and their implications for the thermal and mechanical properties of the lithosphere, Digitization noise and accelerograph pen offset associated with Japanese accelerograms, A reappraisal of the 1950 (Mw 6.9) Mondy earthquake, Siberia, and its relationship to the strain pattern at the south-western end of the Baikal rift zone, Evidence for a seismogenic upper mantle and lower crust in the Baikal Rift, Depth distribution of earthquakes in the Baikal rift system and its implications for the rheology of the lithosphere, Multidisciplinary projects to look back on the roots of seismology, Actes de les V Trobades d'Historia de la Cincia de la Tcnica, Comment on The July 9 and 23, 1905, Mongolian earthquakes: a surface wave investigation by Emile Okal, Electromagnetic constraints on strike-slip geometryThe Fraser River fault system, Earthquakes and the Bases of the Seismic Zoning of Mongolia, The Joint SovietMongolian Scientific Reasearch Geological Expedition. Quakes in nearby regions China | Kazakhstan | Russia | Yellow Sea Bulgan This is a list of earthquakes in 1905. 1993). Lasserre C. Epicenter at 46.938, 89.399 (b) Source function of the Tsetserleg earthquake with an eastward rupture propagation. It was one of the very few for which detailed data was available. An empirical relation has been proposed where the displacement u = L, with = 1.5 105 for plate boundaries and 6.5 105 for intraplate earthquakes (Scholz et al. The best total seismic moment, Mo = 7.27 0.40 1021 N m, is comparable to that estimated by Okal (1977)(Mo = 5.5 2.5 1021 N m). This earthquake is on the map of Asia and is close to: Russia Mongolia Border. 12). Lukhnev A. Calais E. We could explain the strong amplitude on the SV and the rather small ones on the SH and P components. 2003) in the area of the Tsetserleg and Bolnay earthquakes. Epicenter at 44.284, 85.572 Then, we moved the nucleation to the southwestern end of the main fault with bilateral propagation (Fig. At the end, we used the waveforms recorded during the two earthquakes at Uppsala (P, SH and SV) and Gttingen (SH and SV), and the P waveform recorded at Jena during the Bolnay earthquake. It is a reverse fault with a right lateral component, oriented N135 and dipping between 50 and 70 to the NE. 6. A local stress tensor in the Tsetserleg area is proposed from surface ruptures. Aktash The dip angle and the nucleation depth were most of the time free. (95.2 miles), 1931-08-10 21:18:45 UTC The first segment, known as Tsetserleg, is oriented N60E and has been mapped over 130 km. 1995), 3.4 105 in the case of Fu Yun earthquake (Chinese Altay, 1931 August 10) and 1.5 105 in the case of Kokoxili (Kunlun, 2001 November 14). The southern 50 km are complex (Voznesenskii & Dorogostaiskii 1914), with subvertical left lateral strike-slip faults oriented N80 (Khil'ko et al. If the result of the inversion gives, for one parameter, values inconsistent with field information, we fixed them to stabilize the solution. Bulgan Latest earthquakes in Mongolia: list & interactive map Updated: Feb 7, 2023 15:20 GMT - 19 minutes ago refresh Felt a quake? In general, each segment measures several tenths of kilometres, and in the case of Bolnay, they are very linear. The 1905 Bolnai earthquake occurred in or near the Asgat Sum of Zavkhan Province in Mongolia on 23 July. Will The Chinese Spy Balloon Start a War With China? McNeice G.W. The second criterion, (2), was used by Crouse & Matuschka (1983), who extrapolated the SEMOC methodology (Strong Earthquake Motion Centre, Japan) applied to SMAC accelerograms. at 19:30 July 04, 1974 UTC, Location: Four of the 20 intracontinental earthquakes with magnitude larger then 8, which occurred during the XXth century, took place in the region of Mongolia (Richter 1958; Kanamori 1977; Okal 1977; Khil'ko et al. 1993). Khovd Within this procedure we considered the following criteria: (1) the signal must never go back in time; (2) upward time equal to downward time of signal and (3) The histogram of slope at 90 must be null. Baiyin Particular effort has been done to retrieve a no deformed signal from the historical seismograms. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (2015) 105 (1): 7293. In this way we obtain the most stable solution, and source duration consistent with the length of the fault, considering a rupture velocity of 2.5 km s1. 2). Nevertheless, the important mass of the Wiechert (1000 kg) limits its impact. Mordvinova V.V. The seismic moment suggested by Baljinnyam et al. The nucleation of the Bolnay earthquake was at the intersection between the main fault (375 km left lateral strike-slip) and the Teregtiin fault (N160, 80 km long right lateral strike-slip with a vertical component near the main fault). The segments activated during the Bolnay earthquake are clearly visible on the satellite images, whereas those of the Tsetserleg event are more difficult to identify (Okal 1977). These observations suggest that the displacement produced during the penultimate event was similar to the 1905 slip. However, the body waves were in general clearly recorded, except for one horizontal component of the Bolnay earthquake which was lost at Strasbourg. at 18:44 April 04, 1950 UTC, Location: The 1905 Tsetserleg earthquake occurred in or near the Tsetserleg Sum of Khvsgl Province in Mongolia on 9 July 1905. The parameters used in the source model are: azimuth, dip, slip on the fault, scalar seismic moment, depth of the nucleation, depth of the centrod of each segment, amplitudes of the source time function and relative position of the different segments. We inverted jointly these two parameters. 2002). Teukolsky S.A. . Geologic Inheritance and Earthquake Rupture Processes: The 1905 M 8 Tsetserleg-Bulnay Strike-Slip Earthquake Sequence, Mongolia Jin-Hyuck Choi1,2, Yann Klinger1, Matthieu Ferry3, Jean-Franois Ritz3, Robin Kurtz3, Magali Rizza4, Laurent Bollinger5, Battogtokh Davaasambuu3,6, Nyambayar Tsend-Ayush6, and Sodnomsambuu Demberel6 1Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris - CNRS, Sorbonne Paris . Loncke L. 106.2 km from We can divide the Teregtiin fault into a north and south segment. Aktash At its intersection with the Bolnay fault it becomes reverse right lateral on a fault dipping to the NE. 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